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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
si/sx of optic glioma |
slowly progressive unilateral vision loss, decreased brightness sensation, exophthalmos
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what is the eye manifestation of tuberous sclerosis
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retinal hamartoma
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what are the tumors of MENI?
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Pituitary adenoma, pancreatic tumors (gastrinoma, VIPoma, glucagonoma), parathyroid adenomas
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what are the four syndromes of lacunar infarcts?
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1. pure motor hemiparesis
2. pure sensory stroke 3. ataxic-hemiparesis 4. dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome |
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what causes pure hemiparesis-type lacunar infarcts?
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infarct in the posterior limb of the internal capsule,
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si/sx of pure hemiparesis lacunar infarct?
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unilateral motor deficit (face, arm, leg), no loss of vision or higher cortical function
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what causes a pure sensory lacunar infarct?
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infarct in the ventroposterolateral nucleus of the thalamus,
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si/sx of a pure sensory lacunar infarct?
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unilateral numbness, paresthesias, involving face, arm , leg
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what causes ataxia-hemiparesis lacunar infarcts?
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infarct in the posterior limb of the internal capsule
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si/sx of ataxia-hemiparesis lacunar infarcts?
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weakness that is more prominnent in the lower extremity, ipsilateral arma nd leg incoordination
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what causes dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome?
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infarct in the basis pontis
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si/sx of dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome?
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hand weakness, mild motor aphasia, NO sensory abnormalities
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three phases of hepatitis infection
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prodromal, icteric, convalescent
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si/sx of acute hepatitis A?
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nausea, vomiting, mild abdominal pain, aversion to smoking
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treatment of hepatitis A?
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supportive, give contact immunoglobulin
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what treatments improve survival in pts with chronic renal insufficiency?
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protein restriction and ACE inhibitors
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when should ACE inhibitors NOT be used in renal failure pts?
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when creatinine is over 3-3.5
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what is the hallmark finding in mitral stenosis?
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elevated left atrioventricular pressure gradient
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treatment of mediastinitis
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open debridement and abx
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how do you give viagra to pts on alpha blockers?
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make sure they take them greater than 4 hours apart
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what do you order if a pt has gouty attacks while on colchicine?
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24 hours urine uric acid
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most common place for basal cell carcinoma
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lower eyelid margin
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what is the most common cause of asymptomatic elevation of alkaline phosphatase in the elderly?
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paget's disease, even with normal calcium and phosphorus
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absolute contraindication for bupropion?
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epilepsy
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what is a chalazion?
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tear gland of the eyelid becomes obstructed, a painfull swelling that progress to a non-painful rubbery lesion, may house a squamous cell cancer, so get histologic examination
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what are the phosphorus levels in hyperparathyroidism?
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low
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what are the phosphorus levels in multiple myeloma
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high
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define heat exhaustion
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volume and salt depletion from heat, may have vertigo, impaired judgement, nausea, vomiting, frontal headache
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best drug for acute hyperthyroidism
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beta blocker
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most common bug in nursing home pneumonia?
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strep pneumonia
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what are unmeasured cations in the blood?
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calcium, magnesium, phosphorus
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BP goal for diabetics?
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<130/80
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si/sx of HUS?
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recent diarrheal illness, fever, anemia, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, shistocytes, thrombocytopenia
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si/sx of mesenteric ischemia?
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food fear, weight loss, pain after eating, abdominal bruit,
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treatment of mono
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rest, avoidance of contact sports, steroids if there's upper airway obstruction, hemolytic anemia, or thrombocytopenia
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karyotype in Kallman's syndrome
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46, XX or XY (normal)
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si/sx of Kallman's syndrome
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anosmia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, amenorrhea, absent secondary sexual characteristics, euchonoid stature
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what causes the si/sx of Kallman's syndrome?
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absence of GnRH
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how is routine diabetes screening done for pregnant women?
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it's done at 24-28 weeks, with a one hour 50gm glucola test as a screening test. If that's positive (>140), it's followed with a 3 hour, 100gm test which is positive if two or more values are elevated
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what is the best test to confirm GERD?
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24 hours pH monitoring
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how do you treat migraines in pregnant pts?
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NOT triptans!!!! or NSAIDS!!! use tylenol
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in which pts are triptans contraindicated?
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pregnant pts, those with CAD, uncontrolled HTN, CVA
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which pts get chlamydial screening?
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sexually active women 25 years old or younger
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immediate management of chemical eye burns
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irrigation for at least 30 minutes with water, even if they're at home, irrigate before going to ER
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what is the most important predictor of mortality in TCA overdose pts?
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QRS prolongation
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what is the recommended screening test for lipid disorders?
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HDL and total cholesterol.
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what do you do for a suspected VSD
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if no pulmonary sx, all they need is EKG, echo, and surveillance, endocarditis prophylaxis, most close spontaneously
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