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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what should you do when a pt ingests lye drain cleaner (sodium hydroxid)?
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do not attempt to neutralize, vomit or charcol
get upper GI studies and/or endoscopy |
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what do you give for an imipramine (TCA) overdose and what are the effects of the antidote?
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sodium bicarbonate
alleviates the depressant action on the sodium channels thus preventing QRS prolongation |
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what are the characteristics of a diphenhydramine overdose?
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anti-histamine effects:
- drowsiness/confusion anti-cholinergic effects: - dry mouth - dialated pupils/blurry vision - reduced bowel sounds - urinary retention |
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what is used to treat a diphenhydramine overdose?
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physostimine
(cholinesterase inhibitor) |
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what type of overdose can cause hypothermia?
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typical antipsychotics (fluphenazine) disrupts the bodies thermoregulation (shivering) mechanism
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what does phencycladine overdose cause?
txt? |
classically vertical nystagmus
- psychotic/violent behavior - HTN - hyperthermia (txt: acidify urine, haloperidol for psychotic behavior) |
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what are the characteristics of ethylene glycol poisoning?
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hypocalcemia, calcium oxalate deposition in the kidneys and subsequent acute renal failure
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what does b-blocker overdose cause?
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AV block (cardiogenic shock)
hypotension wheezing |
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what is first/second-line txt for b-blocker overdose?
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1st: atropine + IV fluids
2nd: glucogon |
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what are signs of opiod withdrawal on exam?
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mydriasis
piloerection incr bowel sounds |
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what do you treat iron overdose with?
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deferoxamine
(binds ferric iron for urinary excretion) |
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what is the Rumack-Matthew nomogram?
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it determines the likelyhood of liver toxicity in an acetaminophen overdose
4 hour after ingestion, acetaminophen levels should be checked and n-acetylcysteine is given based on these levels (8 hour window of txt) |
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what are the txts (3) of ethylene glycol poisoning?
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fomipizole/ethenol (ADH dehydrogenase inhibition)
sodium bicarbonate (alleviate acidosis) hemodialysis (if organ damage) |
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what are the characteristics of methanol poisoning?
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looks like EtOH at first
N/V/HA/epigastric pain optic disc hyperemia anion gap metabolic acidosis coma/vision loss (worst case) |
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what are the characteristics of a TCA overdose?
txt? |
CNS depression
hypotension anticholinergic (mydriasis, ilieus) QRS prolongation (txt: sodium bicarbonate) |
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what are the characteristics of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
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typical antipsychotics (dopaminergic antagonist)
confusion fever muscle rigidity diaphoresis elevated serum CK leukocytosis |
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what is the treatment protocol (3) for a patient with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)?
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dantrolene (muscle relaxant)
bromocriptine (dopamine agonist) amantidine (antiviral w/ dopaminergic properties) |
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how do you treat torsades de points?
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magnesium sulfate
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how do you differentiate between EtOH and benzodiazepine poisoning?
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EtOH will have nystagmus
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how do you differentiate between an opiod and a benzodiazepine poisoning?
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opiod will have respiratory depression and miosis (except in coingestions)
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what's the definition of an iron overdose?
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serum iron concentrations >350 mcg/dL
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what are the characteristics of an opiod overdose?
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miosis
decr mental status hypotension bradycardia decr bowel sounds decr respiratory rate (best prognostic indicator) |
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what happens in organophosphate poisoning?
txt? |
acetylcholinesterase inhibitied -> cholinergic effects:
bradycardia miosis muscle fasciculations txt: atropine |
