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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Toxin that inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF2)
1.) ______________ 2.) ______________ |
Diptheria toxin
Exotoxin A Who makes these fuckers? |
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Toxin that inactivates 60S ribosome by cleacing rRNA:
1.)______________ 2.)______________ |
Shiga toxin
and Shiga-like toxin (EHEC O157:H7) |
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Toxins overactivate adenylate cyclase-----> Increases cAMP causes increased Cl–/H2O secretion (in gut)
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Cholera toxin – Vibrio cholerae
Heat-Labile toxin (LT) – ETEC Alright... who makes 'em? |
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Toxin overactivates guanylate cyclase--------> Incr cGMP which leads to DECREASED NaCl/H2O RESORPTION (in gut)
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Heat-Stable (ST)
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Toxin cleaves SNARE proteins required for neurotransmitter release:
1.)__________________ 2.)__________________ |
1.) Tetanospasmin
2.) Botulinum toxin |
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This toxin is basically the Staph aureus version of perforin: ____________
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alpha-Exotoxin
BLOWS A HOLE RIGHT THROUGH YOU !!! |
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Toxin overactivates adenylate cyclase BUT, it does so by blocking Gi------> Impaired phagocytosis
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Pertussis toxin
Bordetella pertussis |
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ETEC makes two wicked toxins.
Name them: 1.) _____________ 2.) _____________ |
1.) Heat-Labile toxin (LT)
2.) Heat-Stabile toxin (ST) |
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Psuedomembanes and pharyngitis toxin
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EF-2
elongation factor 2 |
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Causes Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
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Shiga toxin & Shiga-like toxin
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Side effects:
Hyperglycemia Lipodystrophy (e.g. buffalo hump) Nausea & Diarrhea |
Protease Inhibitors
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How do Protease Inhibitors work?
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They prevent viral maturation
i.e preventing HIV protease (pol gene) from cleaving mRNA |
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Side effects:
Bone Marrow Suppression Peripheral Neurophathy Lactic Acidosis |
NRTIs
AND Non-NRTIs |
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What anti-viral is given prophylactically to pregnant women?
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Zidovudine
(ZDV or AZT) |
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How to you recognize a Non-NRTI?
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It's got a "–vir–" in the middle
ne-vir-apine efa-vir-enz dela-vir-dine |
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What viral enzyme must be present in order to activate NRTIs?
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Thymidine kinase
How does TK do this? Phosphorylation |
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What HIV antiviral drug is commonly associated with rash as a side effect?
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Tenofovir
Which class does this belong to? |
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This HIV antiviral blocks HIV integrase.
i.e. inhibits genome integration into the host cell chromosome. |
Raltegravir
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Binds to viral gp41 thereby preventing fusion and entry
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Enfuvirtide
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Binds to CCR5 thereby blocking viral gp120 from attachment
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Maraviroc
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Who makes Heat Stable toxin (ST)? (two bugs)
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ETEC (Traveler's Diarrhea)
Yersinia enterolitica (Dysentery) |
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What is the meaning of "Watery diarrhea... Labile in Air, STable on the Ground."
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Watery diarrhea: (ETEC)
Labile Air = cAMP Stabile Ground = cGMP |
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What is a key difference between Shiga toxin and Shiga-like toxin?
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Shigla-like toxin is made by EHEC which does NOT invade host cells.
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End in "–navir"
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Protease Inhibitors
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What can be given to relieve the bone marrow suppression in HAART?
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G-CSF
Erythropoietin |
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What is a unique side effect of Zidovudine?
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Megaloblastic Anemia
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Tenofovir is special.
Which class does this belong to? |
NRTI
Special because Tenofovir is the only nucleoTIDE inhibitor |
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Do Non-NRTIs bind competitively or non-competitively?
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NON-COMPETITIVELY
(NRTIs only bind competatively) |
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Most common side effect of Reltegravir is:
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Hypercholesterolemia
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