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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what test is done to diagnose CGD
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nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT)
-neg in patients with CGD because they don't make oxygen radicals |
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what is the valence of an Ig molecule equal to
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number of Ags the Ab can bind to
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what is the name of the process that ensures that each B cell produces only one heavy chain variable domain and one light chain
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allelic exclusion
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what is the major ab of the primary immune response
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IgM
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what form of immunity is responsible for removal of intracellular infection
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CMI
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t or f
direct fluuorescent Ab test is used to detect Abs in a patient |
false
direct test is for Ags indirect test is for Abs |
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what is the triad of Wiskott-Aldrich?
mode of inheritance |
thrombocytopenia
eczema immunodeficiency -XLR |
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what complement factor deficiency leads to
1. inc pyogenic infection 2. recurrent gonoccal infection 3. leukocyte adhesion deficiency w/ poor opsonization 4. hereditary angioedema |
1. C3 def
2. C5-C8 def 3. C1, C2, or C4 def 4. C1 inhibitor |
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which IgG can't activate complement
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IgG4
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name the T-cell CD marker
1. essential for Ab isotype switching (for B cell binding 2. interacts w/ MHC class I 2. exprssed on all T cells and is needed as a signal transducer for the T cell receptor 4. interacts w/ MHC II 5. is a costimulatory molecule in T cell activation |
1. CD40
2. CD8 3. CD3 4. CD4 5. CD28 |
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what three cells are essential for t cell differentiation in the thymus
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dendritic cells
macrophages thymic epithelial cells |
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what is the only specific ag presenting cell
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b cell
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what is the tetrad of jarisch-herscheimer reax
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rigors
leukopenia dec BP (after tx for syphilis) |
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what is the name of the B cell that secretes Ig
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plasma cell
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what would be the result if an Ab were cleaved with papain
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there would be two Fab and Fc regions
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what is the bone marrow maturation time for a phagocytic cell
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14 days
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which leukotrienes are assoc with the late phase inflammatory response
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LTC4
LTD4 |
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what is the term for the strength of the assoc between Ag and an Ab
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affinity (one of each)
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t or f
more ag is needed to produce a secondary immune response than a first immune response |
f
fewere Ags are needed |
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what is the term for the strength of association between multiple Ab binding sites and multiple antigenic determinants
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avidity
(more than one binding site) |
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what Ig mediates ADCC via k cells, opsonizes, and is the Ig of the secondary immune response
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IgG
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what test is used to detect ant-RBC Abs seen in hemolytic anemia
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coombs test
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what subset of T cells recognizes the MHC I
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CD8 cytotoxic T cells
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what cell surface marker is found on activated helper T cells
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CD40
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what re the five Ig isotypes
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IgG
IgA IgM IgE IgD |
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which integrin mediates the adhesion to endothelial cells for migration to and out of the blood during an immune response
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beta-2 integrins
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what type of hypersensitivity is an ab0mediated response against our own cells, receptors or membranes via IgG or IgM
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type II
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what is the term to describe the limited portion of an Ag that is recognized by an Ab
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antigenic determinant (epitope)
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what cytokine do Th1 cells secrete to inhibit Th2 function
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INF-gamma
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what three cells are essential for T cell maturation
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thymic epi cells
dendritic cells macrophages |
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what is the term for a single isolated antigenic determinant
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hapten
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what are the two opsonizing factors
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Fc region of IgG
C3b |
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what is the most common Ig deficiency
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IgA
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what is the name of the B cell rich area of the spleen
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primary follicle in white pulp
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what IL, produced by macrophages is chemotactic for neutrophils
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IL-8
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what Ig prevents bacterial adherence to mucosal surfaces
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IgA
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what are the three rules of clonal selection
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one cell type
one Ab type random selection of hypervariable regions, and only cells with bound Ag undergo clonal expansion |
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what is a plasma cell's life expectancy
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7 to 14 days
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what are defined by Ag binding specificity
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idiotypes
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what type of binding occurs with one Fab or one idiotype of IgG
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affinity
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what molecule that is needed to trigger T cell activation is noncovalently linked to TCR
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CD3
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what is the term for Ags that activate B cells without T cell signaling
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thymus-independent Ags
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what are the three rules governing a secondary immune response
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1. covalent binding between the hapten and carrier
2. b cell esposure to hapten twice 3. t cell exposure to carrier twice |
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what type of hypersensitivity is a T cell mediated response to Ags that are not activated by Ab or complement
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type IV
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name the macrophage
1. liver 2. lungs 3. CNS 4. kidney |
1. kupffer
2. alveolar 3. microglial 4. mesangial |
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what is the first human disease successfully tx with gene therapy
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adenosine deaminase (ADA) def
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what receptors are the best markers for NK cells
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CD 16
CD 56 |
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t or f
ag-ab binding is irreversible |
f
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what three major cell lines participate in the acquired immune system
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t cells
b cells macrophages |
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what test is used to screen for HIV
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ELISA for anti-p24 IgG
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during what stage of b cell development is IgM first seen on the surface
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immature b cells
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what Ig is responsible for ADCC of parasites, has a high affinity Fc receptor on mast cells, and basophils and is responsible for the allergic response
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IgE
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t or f
b cell ag receptors can be secreted |
true
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are more abs produced in a primary or secondary immune response
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secondary
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by which process do abs make microorganisms more easily ingested via phagocytosis
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opsonization
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what MHC class acts to remove foreign Ags from the body
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MHC II
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what disorder is characterized by autoantibodies to IF
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pernicious anemia
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what cytokines do Th2 cells secrete to inhibit Th1 cell function
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IL-4
IL-10 IL-13 |
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what is the term for the number of Ag-binding sites on an Ig
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valence
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which major cell type is found in the red pulp of the spleen
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RBC
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what is the name of the pathway that produces leukotrienes
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Lipoxygenase
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what is the term to describe basophils, that have left the bloodstream and entered a tissue
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mast cells
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what are the three major functions of secretory IgA
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IgA receptor
transport of IgA across epi protection of IgA from degradation proteases |
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what IL is important in myeloid cell development
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IL-3 (3 face down is an M)
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what is the term for different classes and subclasses of the same gene products
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isotypes
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what is the first Ab a baby makes
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IgM
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what test by using specific Abs to different receptors allows for rapid analysis of cell types in a blood test
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flow cytometry analysis
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what is the name of the T cell rich area of the spleen
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PALS
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what three complement fragments are also anaphylatoxins
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C3a
C4a C5a |
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name the B cell CD marker
1. req for class switching signlas from T cells 2. receptor for EBV 3. used clinically to count B cells in blood |
1. CD40
2. CD21- a complement receptor for cleaved C3 3. CD19 |
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what immunologic test checks for a reax between Abs and a paricular Ag (hint: ABO testing)
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agglutination test
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which leukotriene is chemotactic for neutrophils
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LTB4
|
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what Ig is assoc w/ mucosal surfaces and external secretions
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IgA
|
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what are the genetic variants of a molecule within members of the same species
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allotypes
|
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what cytokine do CD4 t cells secrete to activate B cells when the specific peptide in the groove of the MHC II molecule interacts with the TCR
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IL-4 is secreted to activate B cells
-> begins ACTIVATION CD4 t cells also secrete INF-alpha to activate macrophages |
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which protein prevents internal binding of self proteins within an MHC II cell
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invariant chain
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what would be the result if an Ab were cleaved with pepsin
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Fab' fragment- it could still participate in precipitation and agglutination
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why are patients with CGD not prone to develop infection from catalase neg bacteria
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catalase neg bacteria secrete H2O2 allowing the neutrophils to use it as the substrate for other toxic metabolites
patients with CGD are prone to catalase pos infections (NADPH defect) |
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what are the two chains of the TCR that are mainly found on the skin and mucosal surfaces
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gamma and delta chains
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which IL is assoc with increases of IgG and igE
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IL-4
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