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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Grossly, what are the four main structures of the kidney?
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Cortex, medullary pyramids (papillae), pelvis, and ureter
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Blood flows into the glomerulus via the _____ (afferent/efferent) arteriole, while blood flows out of the glomerulus via the _____ (afferent/efferent) arteriole.
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afferent; efferent
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Why is the left kidney rather than the right one harvested for transplantation?
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because the left kidney has a longer renal vein
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Ureters pass _____ (over/under) the uterine artery and the ductus deferens.
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Under; (remember: "water [ureters] under the bridge [artery and ductus deferens]")
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In relation to the peritoneum, where are the ureters located?
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retroperitoneal (like the kidneys)
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Nonwater mass comprises _____% of total body weight (in kilograms), while total body water (in liters) makes up _____% of TBW.
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40% nonwater ; 60% water (more than half your weight is water!)
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Total body water is divided into what two types of fluid?
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extracellular fluid (1/3 =20% of total body weight) and intracellular fluid (2/3= 40% of total body weight)
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What are the two fluid compartments that comprise extracellular fluid?
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Plasma volume and interstitial volume
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What is the normal value for plasma osmolarity?
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290 mOsm
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What fraction of total body water is extracellular versus intracellular fluid?
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1/3
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What fraction of the extracellular fluid is plasma volume versus interstitial volume?
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One-fourth plasma volume, three-fourths interstitial volume
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What fluid compartment is total body water minus extracellular fluid?
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Intracellular fluid
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What fluid compartment is extracellular fluid minus plasma volume?
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Interstitial volume
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According to the 60-40-20 rule of body weight, 60% of total body weight is made up of what?
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water
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According to the 60-40-20 rule of body weight, 40% of total body weight is made up of what?
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intracellular fluid (ICF)
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According to the 60-40-20 rule of body weight, 20% of total body weight is made up of what?
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extracellular fluid (ECF)
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What substance is used to measure plasma volume?
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radiolabeled albumin
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What substance is used to measure extracellular volume?
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inulin
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