Usmle First Aid Most Common Associations

Front 1

Bacteremia/pneumonia (IVDA)

Back 1

S. aureus

Front 2

Bacteria associated with cancer

Back 2

H. pylori

Front 3

Bacteria found in GI tract

Back 3

Bacteroides (second most common is E. coli )

Front 4

Brain tumor (adults)

Back 4

Mets > astrocytoma (including glioblastoma multiforme) > meningioma > schwannoma

Front 5

Brain tumor (kids)

Back 5

Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)

Front 6

Brain tumor––supratentorial (kids)

Back 6

Craniopharyngioma

Front 7

Breast cancer

Back 7

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (in the United States, 1 in 9 women will develop breast cancer)

Front 8

Breast mass

Back 8

Fibrocystic change (in postmenopausal women, carcinoma is the most common)

Front 9

Breast tumor (benign)

Back 9

Fibroadenoma

Front 10

Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient

Back 10

Klebsiella

Front 11

Cardiac 1° tumor (adults)

Back 11

Myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; “ball and valve”)

Front 12

Cardiac 1° tumor (kids)

Back 12

Rhabdomyoma

Front 13

Cardiac tumor (adults)

Back 13

Mets

Front 14

Cardiomyopathy

Back 14

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Front 15

Chromosomal disorder

Back 15

Down syndrome (associated with ALL, Alzheimer’s dementia, and endocardial cushion defects)

Front 16

Chronic arrhythmia

Back 16

Atrial fibrillation (associated with high risk of emboli)

Front 17

Congenital cardiac anomaly

Back 17

VSD

Front 18

Constrictive pericarditis

Back 18

Tuberculosis

Front 19

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

Back 19

LAD > RCA > LCA

Front 20

Cyanosis (early; less common)

Back 20

Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus

Front 21

Cyanosis (late; more common)

Back 21

VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin; open with misoprostol)

Front 22

Demyelinating disease

Back 22

Multiple sclerosis

Front 23

Dietary deficit

Back 23

Iron

Front 24

Epiglottitis

Back 24

Haemophilus influenzae type B

Front 25

Esophageal cancer

Back 25

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 26

Gene involved in cancer

Back 26

p53 tumor suppressor gene

Front 27

Group affected by cystic fibrosis

Back 27

Caucasians (fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, mucous plugs/lung infections)

Front 28

Gynecologic malignancy

Back 28

Endometrial carcinoma

Front 29

Heart murmur

Back 29

Mitral valve prolapse

Front 30

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

Back 30

Mitral

Front 31

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis in IVDA

Back 31

Tricuspid

Front 32

Heart valve (rheumatic fever)

Back 32

Mitral valve (aortic is 2nd)

Front 33

Helminth infection (U.S.)

Back 33

Enterobius vermicularis (Ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd most common)

Front 34

Hereditary bleeding disorder

Back 34

von Willebrand’s

Front 35

Kidney stones

Back 35

Calcium = radiopaque (2nd most common is ammonium = radiopaque; formed by urease-positive organisms such as Proteus vulgaris or Staphylococcus)

Front 36

Liver disease

Back 36

Alcoholic liver disease

Front 37

Location of brain tumors (adults)

Back 37

Supratentorial

Front 38

Location of brain tumors (kids)

Back 38

Infratentorial

Front 39

Lysosomal storage disease

Back 39

Gaucher’s disease

Front 40

Male cancer

Back 40

Prostatic carcinoma

Front 41

Malignancy associated with noninfectious fever

Back 41

Hodgkin’s disease

Front 42

Malignant skin tumor

Back 42

Basal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes)

Front 43

Mets to bone

Back 43

Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney

Front 44

Mets to brain

Back 44

Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI

Front 45

Mets to liver

Back 45

Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung carcinomas

Front 46

Motor neuron disease

Back 46

ALS

Front 47

Neoplasm (kids)

Back 47

ALL (2nd most common is cerebellar medulloblastoma)

Front 48

Nephrotic syndrome

Back 48

Membranous glomerulonephritis

Front 49

Obstruction of male urinary tract

Back 49

BPH

Front 50

Opportunistic infection in AIDS

Back 50

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Front 51

Organ receiving mets

Back 51

Adrenal glands (due to rich blood supply)

Front 52

Organ sending mets

Back 52

Lung > breast, stomach

Front 53

Ovarian tumor (benign)

Back 53

Serous cystadenoma

Front 54

Ovarian tumor (malignant)

Back 54

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

Front 55

Pancreatic tumor

Back 55

Adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas)

Front 56

Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CML

Back 56

ALL—child, CLL—adult > 60, AML—adult > 60, CML—adult 35–50

Front 57

Patient with Hodgkin’s

Back 57

Young male (except nodular sclerosis type—female)

Front 58

Patient with minimal change disease

Back 58

Young child

Front 59

Patient with Reiter’s

Back 59

Male

Front 60

Pituitary tumor

Back 60

Prolactinoma (2nd—somatotropic “acidophilic” adenoma)

Front 61

Preventable cancer

Back 61

Lung cancer

Front 62

Primary bone tumor (adults)

Back 62

Multiple myeloma

Front 63

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Back 63

Adenomas (followed by hyperplasia, then carcinoma)

Front 64

Primary liver tumor

Back 64

Hepatoma

Front 65

Renal tumor

Back 65

Renal cell carcinoma—associated with von Hippel–Lindau and acquired polycystic kidney disease; paraneoplastic syndromes (erythropoietin, renin, PTH, ACTH)

Front 66

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Back 66

Hypocalcemia of chronic renal failure

Front 67

Sexually transmitted disease

Back 67

Chlamydia

Front 68

Site of diverticula

Back 68

Sigmoid colon

Front 69

Site of metastasis

Back 69

Regional lymph nodes

Front 70

Site of metastasis (2nd most common)

Back 70

Liver

Front 71

Sites of atherosclerosis

Back 71

Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid

Front 72

Skin cancer

Back 72

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 73

Stomach cancer

Back 73

Adenocarcinoma

Front 74

Testicular tumor

Back 74

Seminoma

Front 75

Thyroid cancer

Back 75

Papillary carcinoma

Front 76

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Back 76

Lower esophagus joins trachea/upper esophagus—blind pouch

Front 77

Tumor in men

Back 77

Prostate carcinoma

Front 78

Tumor in women

Back 78

Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent)

Front 79

Tumor of infancy

Back 79

Hemangioma

Front 80

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults)

Back 80

Pheochromocytoma (benign)

Front 81

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (kids)

Back 81

Neuroblastoma (malignant)

Front 82

Type of Hodgkin’s

Back 82

Nodular sclerosis (vs. mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion)

Front 83

Type of non-Hodgkin’s

Back 83

Follicular, small cleaved

Front 84

Type of pituitary adenoma

Back 84

Prolactinoma

Front 85

Vasculitis

Back 85

Temporal arteritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of ophthalmic artery)

Front 86

Viral encephalitis

Back 86

HSV

Front 87

Vitamin deficiency (U.S.)

Back 87

Folic acid (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only 3- to 4-month supply)