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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sensitivity
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TP/(TP+FN)
Probability that a person having a disease will be correctly identified |
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Specificity
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TN/(TN+FP)
Probability that a person who doesn't have a disease will be correctly identified |
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Positive-Predictive Value
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TP/(TP+FP)
Probability that an individual who tests (+) has the disease |
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Negative-Predictive Value
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TN/(TN+FN)
Probability that a person who tests (-) doesn't have the disease |
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Prevalence
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TP+FN/(total # in study)
Total number of cases in a population at a given time |
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Incidence
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# new cases each year/*susceptible* population
(ex: In a population of 100, there are 10 new cases of cat scratch fever every year. The prevalence of CSF in this population is 20. Therefore, the *incidence* of CSF in this population is 10/80) |
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Relative Risk
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Used in cohort studies.
(TP/TP+FP)/(FN/FN+TN) |
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Odd Ratio
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Used in case-control studies
(TP x TN)/(FPxFN) |
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Mean
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average
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Median
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Middle value in sequentially ordered groups of #'s
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Mode
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# that appears most often in a group
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Positive skew
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peak is to the left
mean>median>mode |
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Negative skew
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peak is to the right
mean<median<mode |
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When prevalence decreases, sensitivity and specificity are...
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unchanged
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When prevalence decreases, what happend to PPV and NPV?
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PPV decreases and NPV increases
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Hardy-Weinberg population genetics equation
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If "p" and "q" are different alleles, then:
p2+2pq+q2=1 or p+q=1 |
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Heterozygote frequency for
H-W population genetics |
HF=2pq
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Henderson-Hasselbalch
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pH=pKa + log[A]/[HA]
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How to convert logs
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log (base 10) a = x
or 10x = a |
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Volume of distribution
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Vd = (amount of drug in body)/(plasma drug concentration)
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Drug clearance (1 of 4)
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CL = (rate of drug elimination)/(plasma concentration of drug)
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Drug clearance (2 of 4)
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CL = Ke x Vd
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Drug clearance (3 of 4)
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CL = (0.7 x Vd)/t1/2
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Drug clearance (4 of 4)
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CL = Infusion rate/(steady state concentration)
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Half life (1 of 2)
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t1/2 = (0.7 x Vd)/CL
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Half life (2 of 2)
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t1/2 = 0.7/Ke
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Therapeutic index
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TI = LD50/ED50
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Loading dose
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LD = (Cp x Vd)/F
F=bioavailability |
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Maintainence dose
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MD = (Cp x CL)/F
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Infusion rate
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IR = CL x steady state conc.
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Cardiac output (1 of 3)
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CO = (rate of O2 consumption)/(arterial O2 content - venous O2 content)
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Cardiac output (2 of 3)
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CO = SV x HR
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Cardiac output (3 of 3)
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CO = MAP/TPR
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Mean arterial pressure (1 of 2)
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MAP = CO x TPR
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Mean arterial pressire (2 of 2)
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MAP = 1/2 systolic + 2/3 diastolic
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Stroke volume (1 of 2)
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SV = CO/HR
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Stroke volume (2 of 2)
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SV = end diastolic volume - end systolic volume
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Ejection fraction
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EF = (SV/EDV) x 100
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Glomerular filtration rate (1 of 2)
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GFR = (Uinulin x V)/(Pinulin)
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Glomerular filtration rate (2 of 2)
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GFR = FF x RPF
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GFR is equal to clearance of *what* and is close enough to the clearance of *what else*?
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GFR = inulin clearance
GFR ~ creatinine clearance |
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Effective renal plasma flow
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ERPF = (Upah x V)/(Ppah)
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Effective renal plasma flow is equal to the clearance of *what*?
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ERPF = pah clearance
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Renal blood flow
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RBF = RPF/(1-Hct)
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Renal plasma flow (1 of 2)
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RPF = RBF x (1-Hct)
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Renal plasma flow (2 of 2)
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RPF = GFR/FF
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Free water clearance
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Ch2o = V - Cosm
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How do you get total body water from total body weight?
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total body water is generally 60% of a man's total body weight and 50% of a woman's
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How do you measure intracellular fluid (ICF)?
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ICF = TBW - extracellular fluid (ECF)
ICF is about 2/3 TBW |
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How do you measure ECF?
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inulin, mannitol, sulfate
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How do you measure plasma?
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It's about 1/4 ECF
(or, whatever was measured with evan's blue) |
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How do you measure interstitial fluid?
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IF = ECF - plasma volume
IF is about 3/4 the ECF |
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Vital capacity
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VC = TV + IRV + ERV
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Functional reserve capacity
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FRC = RV + ERV
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Inspiratory capacity
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IC = IRV + TV
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Total lung capacity
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TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV
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i love equations gone Wild!
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yee haw!
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confidence interval of the mean
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CI = mean +/- Z(S/sqrt(N))
For a 95% CI, Z=1.96. Make it 2 for convenience's sake. |
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Series resistance
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Rt = R1+R2+R3...
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Parallel resistance
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1/Rt = 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3...
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