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60 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Sensitivity
TP/(TP+FN)

Probability that a person having a disease will be correctly identified
Specificity
TN/(TN+FP)

Probability that a person who doesn't have a disease will be correctly identified
Positive-Predictive Value
TP/(TP+FP)

Probability that an individual who tests (+) has the disease
Negative-Predictive Value
TN/(TN+FN)

Probability that a person who tests (-) doesn't have the disease
Prevalence
TP+FN/(total # in study)

Total number of cases in a population at a given time
Incidence
# new cases each year/*susceptible* population

(ex: In a population of 100, there are 10 new cases of cat scratch fever every year. The prevalence of CSF in this population is 20. Therefore, the *incidence* of CSF in this population is 10/80)
Relative Risk
Used in cohort studies.

(TP/TP+FP)/(FN/FN+TN)
Odd Ratio
Used in case-control studies

(TP x TN)/(FPxFN)
Mean
average
Median
Middle value in sequentially ordered groups of #'s
Mode
# that appears most often in a group
Positive skew
peak is to the left

mean>median>mode
Negative skew
peak is to the right

mean<median<mode
When prevalence decreases, sensitivity and specificity are...
unchanged
When prevalence decreases, what happend to PPV and NPV?
PPV decreases and NPV increases
Hardy-Weinberg population genetics equation
If "p" and "q" are different alleles, then:

p2+2pq+q2=1
or
p+q=1
Heterozygote frequency for
H-W population genetics
HF=2pq
Henderson-Hasselbalch
pH=pKa + log[A]/[HA]
How to convert logs
log (base 10) a = x
or
10x = a
Volume of distribution
Vd = (amount of drug in body)/(plasma drug concentration)
Drug clearance (1 of 4)
CL = (rate of drug elimination)/(plasma concentration of drug)
Drug clearance (2 of 4)
CL = Ke x Vd
Drug clearance (3 of 4)
CL = (0.7 x Vd)/t1/2
Drug clearance (4 of 4)
CL = Infusion rate/(steady state concentration)
Half life (1 of 2)
t1/2 = (0.7 x Vd)/CL
Half life (2 of 2)
t1/2 = 0.7/Ke
Therapeutic index
TI = LD50/ED50
Loading dose
LD = (Cp x Vd)/F

F=bioavailability
Maintainence dose
MD = (Cp x CL)/F
Infusion rate
IR = CL x steady state conc.
Cardiac output (1 of 3)
CO = (rate of O2 consumption)/(arterial O2 content - venous O2 content)
Cardiac output (2 of 3)
CO = SV x HR
Cardiac output (3 of 3)
CO = MAP/TPR
Mean arterial pressure (1 of 2)
MAP = CO x TPR
Mean arterial pressire (2 of 2)
MAP = 1/2 systolic + 2/3 diastolic
Stroke volume (1 of 2)
SV = CO/HR
Stroke volume (2 of 2)
SV = end diastolic volume - end systolic volume
Ejection fraction
EF = (SV/EDV) x 100
Glomerular filtration rate (1 of 2)
GFR = (Uinulin x V)/(Pinulin)
Glomerular filtration rate (2 of 2)
GFR = FF x RPF
GFR is equal to clearance of *what* and is close enough to the clearance of *what else*?
GFR = inulin clearance

GFR ~ creatinine clearance
Effective renal plasma flow
ERPF = (Upah x V)/(Ppah)
Effective renal plasma flow is equal to the clearance of *what*?
ERPF = pah clearance
Renal blood flow
RBF = RPF/(1-Hct)
Renal plasma flow (1 of 2)
RPF = RBF x (1-Hct)
Renal plasma flow (2 of 2)
RPF = GFR/FF
Free water clearance
Ch2o = V - Cosm
How do you get total body water from total body weight?
total body water is generally 60% of a man's total body weight and 50% of a woman's
How do you measure intracellular fluid (ICF)?
ICF = TBW - extracellular fluid (ECF)

ICF is about 2/3 TBW
How do you measure ECF?
inulin, mannitol, sulfate
How do you measure plasma?
It's about 1/4 ECF
(or, whatever was measured with evan's blue)
How do you measure interstitial fluid?
IF = ECF - plasma volume

IF is about 3/4 the ECF
Vital capacity
VC = TV + IRV + ERV
Functional reserve capacity
FRC = RV + ERV
Inspiratory capacity
IC = IRV + TV
Total lung capacity
TLC = IRV + TV + ERV + RV
i love equations gone Wild!
yee haw!
confidence interval of the mean
CI = mean +/- Z(S/sqrt(N))

For a 95% CI, Z=1.96. Make it 2 for convenience's sake.
Series resistance
Rt = R1+R2+R3...
Parallel resistance
1/Rt = 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3...