Usmle Cardio Pharm

Front 1

Quinidine class

Back 1

IA antiarrhythmic

Front 2

Procainamide class

Back 2

1A

Front 3

Disopyramide class

Back 3

IA

Front 4

lidocaine class

Back 4

IB

Front 5

mexiletine class

Back 5

IB

Front 6

Tocainamide class

Back 6

IB

Front 7

Flecainamide class

Back 7

IC

Front 8

Encainide class

Back 8

IC

Front 9

Propafenone class

Back 9

IC

Front 10

class IA antiarrhythmics?

Back 10

quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide

Front 11

class IB antiarrhythmics

Back 11

lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide

Front 12

Class IC antiarrhythmics

Back 12

flecainide, Encainide, Propafenone

Front 13

four classes of antiarrhythmcs?

Back 13

I - Na blockers
II - beta blockers
III - potassium blockers
IV - calcium channel blockers

Front 14

class IA effect on AP duration?
IB?
IC?

Back 14

IA increases
IB decreases
IC has NO EFFECT

Front 15

class IA has what effects?

Back 15

increases AP duration, increases Effective refractory period, increases QT interval

Front 16

class IA for?

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affects atrial and ventricular arrhythmias - esp. reentrant and ectopic SVT and V-tach

Front 17

headache, tinnitus, thrombocytopenia?

Back 17

cinchonism from quinidne

Front 18

procainamide maj. SE

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SLE like syndrome

Front 19

all IA major SE?

Back 19

prolonged QT predisposes to torsades de pointes

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IB prefer..

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ischemic or depolarized purkinje and ventricular tissue

Front 21

IB useful for?

Back 21

acute ventricular arrhythmias post MI

Front 22

use of IC?

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V tachs progressing to Vgib and intractable SVT's but usually a last resort. doesn't work on structurally abnormal

Front 23

main toxicity of class IC?

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proarrhythmic - and contraindicated in post-MI

Front 24

MOA of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors

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inhibit cholesterol precursor, mevalonate

Front 25

SE of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors

Back 25

hepatotoxicity, rhabdomyolysis

Front 26

HMG CoA reductaes effects on lipids?

Back 26

super decrease in LDL, small increase of HDL, and small decrease of TG

Front 27

Niacin MOA?

Back 27

inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue and reduces hepatic VLDL secretion into circulation

Front 28

SE of Niacin?

Back 28

red flushed fase, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia

Front 29

effects of niacin on lipids

Back 29

moderate decrease of LDL
moderate increase of HDL
small decrease of TG

Front 30

bile acid resins MOA

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prevent intesinal reabsoroption of bile acids and liver has to use cholesterol to make more

Front 31

bile acid resins effect on lipids?

Back 31

moderate decrease of LDL
slight increase of HDL and TG's

Front 32

main problems with bile acid resins?

Back 32

patients don't like it b/c of discomfort, decreases absorption of fat soluble vitamins and increases risk for gallstones

Front 33

ezetimibe MOA

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prevents cholesterol reabsorption at small intestine brush border

Front 34

ezetimibe effect on lipids

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ONLY a moderate decrease of LDL

Front 35

MOA of fibrates

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upregulate LPL which increases TG clearance

Front 36

SE of fibrates

Back 36

myositis
hepatotoxicity
cholesterol stones

Front 37

fibrates effects on lipids?

Back 37

small decrease of LDL
small increase of HDL
large decrease in TG's

Front 38

i want to decrease TG's

Back 38

fibrates

Front 39

i want to decrease LDL's

Back 39

HMB CoA reductase inhibitor

Front 40

I want to increase HDL and decrease LDL

Back 40

Niacin

Front 41

i want to decrease LDL and am willing to sacrifice a bit of TG increase

Back 41

bile acid resins

Front 42

class IV MOA?

Back 42

primarily affect AV nodal cells which decreases conduction velocity, increases ERP and PR interval

Front 43

class IV antiarrhythmics used for

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preventing nodal arrhythmias

Front 44

outside of the heart what are Ca channel blockers good for?

Back 44

reduce muscle contractility - so HTN, angina, Raynauds

Front 45

which calcium channel blockers better for the heart?

Back 45

V for Ventricle V for Verapamil
Verapamil > Diltiazem > Nifedipine

Front 46

which of the calcium channel blckers better for vasc smooth muscle?

Back 46

nifedipine>diltiazem>verapamil

Front 47

main toxicity of digoxin?

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cholinergic - N/V/D blurry yellowed vision. tons of ECG changes

Front 48

class II antiarrhythmics

Back 48

propranolol, esmolol, metoprolol, atenolol, timolol

Front 49

i want to decrease LDL and am willing to sacrifice a bit of TG increase

Back 49

bile acid resins

Front 50

Class II antiarrhythmic MOA

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decreases cAMP shich decreases calcium currents.
suppress abnormal pacemakers by decreasing the slope of phase 4

Front 51

class IV MOA?

Back 51

primarily affect AV nodal cells which decreases conduction velocity, increases ERP and PR interval

Front 52

what part of the heart is particularly sensitive to beta blockers?

Back 52

AV node so increases PR interval

Front 53

class IV antiarrhythmics used for

Back 53

preventing nodal arrhythmias

Front 54

outside of the heart what are Ca channel blockers good for?

Back 54

reduce muscle contractility - so HTN, angina, Raynauds

Front 55

which calcium channel blockers better for the heart?

Back 55

V for Ventricle V for Verapamil
Verapamil > Diltiazem > Nifedipine

Front 56

which of the calcium channel blckers better for vasc smooth muscle?

Back 56

nifedipine>diltiazem>verapamil

Front 57

main toxicity of digoxin?

Back 57

cholinergic - N/V/D blurry yellowed vision. tons of ECG changes

Front 58

class II antiarrhythmics

Back 58

propranolol, esmolol, metoprolol, atenolol, timolol

Front 59

Class II antiarrhythmic MOA

Back 59

decreases cAMP shich decreases calcium currents.
suppress abnormal pacemakers by decreasing the slope of phase 4

Front 60

what part of the heart is particularly sensitive to beta blockers?

Back 60

AV node so increases PR interval

Front 61

use of beta blockers in arrhythmias?

Back 61

V tach, SVT, slowing ventriuclar rate in atrial fibrillation adn flutter

Front 62

sotalol class?

Back 62

potassium channel blocker - class III antiarrhythmic

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ibutilide class

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potassium channel blocker - class III antiarrhythmic

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bretylium class

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potassium channel blocker - class III antiarrhythmic

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dofetilide class

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potassium channel blocker - class III antiarrhythmic

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amiodarone class

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potassium channel blocker - class III antiarrhythmic

Front 67

class III have what effects?

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increase AP duration, increase ERP, increase QT interval

Front 68

when are class III antiarrhythmics used

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when others fail

Front 69

amiodarone main toxicities?

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remember to check PFT's, LFT's, TFT's
pulmonary
liver
thyroid

Front 70

effective pharmoccologic agent for WPW

Back 70

amiodarone