Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Elliptocytosis
|
hemolytic, normochromic. defect in RBC membrane skeleton spectrin > ankyrin (vs spherocytosis which is opp)
smear = oval RBC |
|
|
myelodyplastic syndrome
|
pre-malig of AML (^ risk w/ ^ blast)
Classified = RA = refractory anemia (blast < 1%) RARS= RA ring siderblast (<1%) RAEB = RA excess blast (<5%) RAEB in T = RAEB in transformation (>5%) |
|
|
Auer rods
|
AML (M3); peroxidase-positive cytoplasmic inclusion in graulocytes and myeloblast.
comp of these = DIC |
|
|
Diffuse large B cell lympoma
|
MC adult NHL, CD23 & CD5+
|
|
|
Mantle cell lymphoma
|
older male NHL, t(11:14) = deactivation of cyclin D. poor prob CD 5+ and CD23 -.
|
|
|
mycosis fungoides
|
aka sezary syndrome. attacks epidermis-dermis junction
T cell lymphoma CD4+. cutaneous patches or nodules. |
|
|
Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
|
like Multiple myeloma but M spike = IgM: hyperviscosity symptoms and no lytic bone lesions.
cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
|
|
Multiple myeloma
|
monoclonial plasma cell cancer. M spike = IgG (or IgA). punch-out lytic bone lesion or dry tap. Bence Jones protein = lt chain cause kidnedy and resp prob + primary amyloidosis. Mott cells = cytoplasmic deposit of Ig's.
warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
|
|
monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
|
MGUS: monoclonal plasma cell expansion w/out symptoms of multiple myeloma. >70 yrs.
|
|
|
Wolff-chaikoff effect
|
transient decrease of T3/T4 due to excess ingestion of iodide. ^ iodide inhibs itself via pump activity
|
|
|
Papillary carcinoma of the Thyroid
|
MC, excellent prog, orphan annie nuclei, psammoma bodies. RET & BRAF gene mutation > activation of tyrosine kinase
spread thru blood! |
|
|
Medullary ca of the Thyroid
|
from parafollicular "c cells", sheets of cell in amyloid stroma. assoc w/ MEN2
spread thru blood!b |
|
|
Bohr effect of Hb
|
rlease of O2 in ^ when pH is lowered (right shift)
|
|
|
anaclitic depression
|
depressed infant from loss of mom and no suitable substitute
|
|
|
Systemic Mastocytosis
|
history of pruitus, rash, flushing, abdominal cramps = abnorm mast cell prolif in BM and other organs leading to ^ histamine secretion> hypergastricemia
|
|
|
pseudotumor cerebi
|
^ ICP w/ no ventricular dilation, no tumor or mass
think young obese woman, papilledema, headache worse in morning & eye movement vision loss. stop drugs that can cause: steroid w/drawl, Vit A, tetracyclines |
|
|
dysarthria
|
motor speech prob.
|
|
|
superoxcide dismutase
|
required Cu, Zn. defect = ALS
|
|
|
Arcuate fasciculus
|
connects broca's and wernicke's area: prob = poor repetition but fluent speech, intact comprehension.
|
|
|
Tregminal nerve
|
CN 5, face sensation, mastication and ant 2/3 tongue sensation
|
|
|
Facial nerve
|
facial movement, taste of 2/3 tongue, lacrimation, salivation (subman/subling), eyelid closing, stapedius!!
|
|
|
Glossopharyngeal
|
posterior 1/3 taste, swallowing, salivation of parotid, carotid body monitoring, sinus chemo/baroreceptors and stylopharyngeus.
|
|
|
Vagus
|
taste from epiglottic region, swallowing, palate elevation, midline uvula!, talking, coughing, thoracoabdominal visera, monitoring aortic arch chemo and baroreceptor
|
|
|
pretectal nucleus
|
light reflex: enters eye travels CN II (optic nerve) to pretectal nucleus in midbrain that activated bilateral Edinger-Westphal nuclei = pupils contract bilaterally
|
|
|
tau proteins
|
insoluble cytoskeletal elements
|
|
|
rosenthal fiber
|
eosinophilic corkescrew fibers in pilocytic astroytoma (child).
GFAP + (same as glioblastoma via astroytoma multiforme) |
|
|
area postrema
|
in hypothalamus: senses changes in osmolarity. responds to emetics (vom during chemo)
|
|
|
Procaine, cocaine, tetracaine
|
Ester local anesthetics. if allergic to one use amides instead (lidocaine, mepivacine, bupivacine. . all have 2 I's in the name)
|
|
|
Riluzole
|
Rx for ALS: decreases presynaptic glutamate release
|
|
|
Subfalcine herniation
|
cingulate damage via herniation under falx cerebri
|
|
|
McCune-Albright syndrome
|
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. . bone replaced by fibroblast, collagen, irregular bony trabeculae.
|
|
|
t(11:22)
|
Ewings sarcoma, diaphysis of long bones.
|
|
|
Alports syndrome mutation
|
a chain of collagen IV
|
|
|
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
|
rapid lysis of spirochetes = fever, chills, headache, myalgia after AB
|
|
|
McCune-Albright syndrome
|
cafe'-au-lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty
|
|
|
Sezary syndrome
|
cutaneous T cell lymphoma or mycosis fungoides; erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical T cells
|
