Usc Test 1: Acute Kidney Injury Pathology

Front 1

2 main types of tubular Acute intrarenal injury

Back 1

acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
Tubular obstruction (cast nephropathy)

Front 2

Most common cause of acute kidney injury in adults

Back 2

acute tubular necrosis

(can resolve in 2-3 weeks)

Front 3

Appearance of ischemic acute tubular necrosis on histology

Back 3

flattening of cuboidal cells
dilated tubules
lack of brush border

Front 4

Interstitial causes of acute intrarenal injury

Back 4

pyelonephritis
allergic interstitial nephritis

Front 5

2 main pathogenic classes of acute tubular cell necrosis

Back 5

ischemic ATN (hemorrhage, burn, dehydration)
nephrotoxic ATN (drugs, solvents, poisons)

Front 6

Recovery with tubular cell necrosis

Back 6

ischemic can resolve upon resumption of blood/food
(2-3 weeks, mitosis return)
nephrotoxic can resolve with removal of drug/insult to allow growth. (dead cells can be flushed out)

Front 7

What can cause tubular obstruction?

Back 7

myeloma (secretion of light chains by plasma cells)

Protein clogs tubular system, shows deterioration of renal function

Front 8

Common cause of pyelonephritis

Back 8

E.coli

Front 9

Common causes of acute hypersensitivity tubulointerstitial nephritis

Back 9

NSAIDs
diuretics
antibiotics like B-lactams

Front 10

Presence of what can demonstrate hypersensitivity rxn in nephritis?

Back 10

eosinophils

Front 11

2 situations with scar formation in the kidneys

Back 11

pyelonephritis
long-standing LE edema

Front 12

What occurs with cholesterol clefts?

Back 12

blocks intraluminal arteries
also causes ischemic injury distal to blocked arteries.
cant be filtered either, so less in urine.

Front 13

3 pack of hemolytic uremic syndrome

Back 13

hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenia
uremia/fever