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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ATF Mechanism of Injury
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forced inversion and plantar flexion, capsular involvement
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Calcaneofibular Injury Mechanism
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forced inversion, may occur with ATF injury
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Posterior Talofibular Lig Injury Mechanism
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usually associated with fx, could be caused by inversion + DF, excessive posterior glide of the talus, last of the lateral ligs injured
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Anterior Tibiofibular Lig Injury Mechanism
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"high ankle sprain"
result of compression forces or excessive tibial ER |
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Posterior TibFib Lig Injury
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very uncommon, may occur w/ fx
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Deltoid Lig Injury
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very difficult to tear, avulsion fx more likely with excessive eversion
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Tendo Achilles Rupture
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-affects middle age men active in jumping activities, result of eccentric DF
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Tendo Achilles Rupture Findings
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MMT = 0 grade
MSTT = wk/painless, may get assist from Post Tib, peroneal Palp Cond = muscle gap Thompson's Test = + no PF still see CKC PF mvmt anal - gait disrupted |
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Tendo Achilles Rupture Rx
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immob in slight PF
post immob - improve jt limitations, stretch, strengthen, TFM, may benefit from heel lift to avoid excessive DF during rehab |
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Ligamentous Injury Findings
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palp tend = + px over lig
special test = + AccPROM = laxity extent of findings dependent on Grade of sprain |
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Fibroplasia Stage of Healing
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21 days
-pt educ. to avoid dmg -manage tissue with TFM and applying stress w/out dmg |
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Fx vs Sprain Tear
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-fx sounds worse, usually casted, immob results in tightness which can be treated
-sprains/tears splinted, result in laxity which can't be fixed, only countered w/ dynamic restraints (muscle) |
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Unimalleolar Fx
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associated w/ sprains
Rx: AD, normalize gait, stabilize |
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Bimalleolar Fx
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PINS = DF restricted b/c cephalic mvmt of fibula required
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Trimalleolar Fx
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not uniform nomenclature;
may refer to distal tib, talus or tibfib ligs... |
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Pott's Fx-Dislocation
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term used to describe most malleolar fxs + dislocation
TSI's: fx, effusion, laxity, muscle weak Fxn limitation: unable to WB |
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Trans, Oblique, Spiral Tibia Fx
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open fx common, slow healing, dec blood flow
Stable: closed reduction, immobilization Unstable: susceptible to angulation/shortening w/ closed reduction spiral most difficult, trans=> extensive soft tissue dmg |
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Shin Splints
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=>muscle only
MSTT to confirm, usually ant tib idiopathic, exercise induced px |
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Posterior Tibial Exertional Compartment Syndrome (PTES)
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gastroc, soleus, post tib
edema causing ischemia, pressure to post tib a&v, tib nerve Findings: palp cond +, hindfoot pronation due to lack of muscle control, possible absent pulse, sensory change |
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Anterolateral Compartment Syndrome
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ant tib, EHL
edema and ischemia to ant tib a&v; compression of deep peroneal n=> ant tib weakness, hindfoot pronation, sensory change to 1-2 webspace |
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Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS)
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tibial periosteitis
mistaken for shin splints, 6-8 mo immob to heal no + tests severe px with post tib/soleus contraction exercise induced px |
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Plantar Fasciitis
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- palp tend + px
- MLT toe FL + px - pain with both hindfoot pronation (increased length) and supination (decreased force distribution) Rx: biomechanical contributions, dec inflammation |
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Big Toe MTP Mobility
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walk = 65 deg EXT required
run = 85 deg EXT required decrease requires Kin Chain compensation Hypo in EXT = FHL stress Hypo FL = dec Plantar Fasc stress, dec supination |
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Hallux Rigidus
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CA/PROM limited due to:
MTP capsule tight/adhesions tight MTP flexors edema/effusion MTP jt laxity |
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Hallux Valgus
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Great Toe angled laterally @ MTP
due to 1st TMT laxity and medial alignment |
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Hammer Toes
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MTP EXT contracture
PIP FL contracture TSI's: tight EXT muscles, plantar MTP capsule laxity due to hyperEXT/dislocation interossei lose FL |
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Claw Toes
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MTP hyperEXT contractures
PIP/DIP FL contractures ->defective intrinsics, extrinsics cause hyperEXT and FL |
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Morton's Metatarsalgia
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3-4th webspace may be sensory change
algia = pain palp tend + toe EXT triggers px due to compression of n. by tight plantar MTP ligament |
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Morton's Neuroma
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sensory change and palp tend +
difficult to distinguish from metatarsalgia neuroma may require MD, is scarring down of nerve |
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Hindfoot Supination
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hip ER talus lat glide
knee varus calc inverted tibia ER med arch elevated forefoot pronation |
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Hindfoot Pronation
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hip IR knee valgus
tibia IR forefoot sup talus med gl calc evert med arch depression |
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Structural Pes Cavus
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gout (shell fish intolerance)
charcot-marie tooth (genetic) upper motor neuron lesion RIGID |
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Fxnal Pes Cavus
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tight plantar fascia
claw toes (ff drop, tight EXT) Rx: shock absorbing shoe insert RIGID |
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Fxnal Pes Planus
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hip/tibia IR, trauma, ant tib weakness, talar laxity post&med
MOBILE |
