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25 Cards in this Set

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Imperialism
the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.
“Seward’s Folly”
the purchase of Alaska
Alfred Mahan
“Mahan’s Theory” was that in order for a nation to achieve greatness it must develop a superior navy. Example: Britain’s navy
Josiah Strong
protestant minister who thought Anglo-Saxons have been chosen by god to civilize the world.
Henry Cabot Lodge
U.S. Senator, envied Europe, wanted more empire building and new frontiers
“White Man’s Burden”
by: Rudyard Kipling. It was the belief that USA had the responsibility to help other people
Jingoism
an approach which is high on patriotism and which favors an aggressive war-like policy. Highly nationalistic. Teddy Roosevelt = top jingoist
McKinley Tariff Act
raised barriers against Hawaiian product. White planters n the USA were alarmed by the increasingly autocratic tendencies of Queen Liliuokalani.
Queen Liliuokalani
monarch of Hawaiian Islands. Believed that Hawaii should be for the Hawaiians. Doesn’t want to see sovereignty leave Hawaii. Forced to give up throne in 1898, when USA annexed Hawaii.
Monroe Doctrine
stated that European powers could not colonize or interfere with the newly independent states of the Americas
Venezuela Border Dispute
Dispute between Venezuela and British Guiana. Secretary of State, Richard Onley, was authorized to present a note to London, which was later dubbed the “20 inch gun”. Onley declared that in effect that the British, by attempting to dominate Venezuela in this quarrel and to acquire more territory, they were breaking the Monroe Doctrine. Britain says it has no relevance. Cleveland wrote to Congress saying we should fight if they did not accept rightful boundaries. Many Latin Americans pleased by USA protection.
General Weyler
Spanish leader of Cuba, who was overthrown and removed by Cuban rebels. Leader of Spanish rebels = Jose Marti
Yellow journalism
Hearst and Pulitzer. Media: newspapers. Sensationalism- exaggerating or making up stories to arouse people
William Randolph Hearst & Joseph Pulitzer
William Randolph Hearst- NY Journal. Joseph Pulitzer-NY World
a. Hearst sent Frederick Remington to Cuba to draw sketches. Remington later reported that the conditions were not bad enough to warrant hostilities. So Hearst said “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war”
U.S.S Maine
Early 1898. USA sent battleship Maine to Cuba for a “friendly visit” but it was really to protect and evacuate Americans is a flare up occurred. “Remember the Main” was a new slogan for war.
a. February 15 1898- the U.S.S Maine mysteriously blew up in Havana Harbor
b. Death Toll: 260 officials
c. 2 investigations were held: one by USA, other by Spain
d. Spain said their investigation showed cause was by submarine mine, USA didn’t believe them and spurned Spanish proposals of arbitration
e. USA is now war-mad
DeLome Letter
Dupuy de Lome’s, who is the Spanish minister, letter describing President McKinley as an ear-to-the-ground politician who lacked good faith. Heart headlined private letter, and he was forced to resign.
Teller Amendment
this proviso proclaimed to the world that when the USA overthrows Spanish rule, they would give the Cubans their freedom
Commodore George Dewey
while commanding the American Asiatic Squadron at Hong Kong, and while Long was away, TR cabled Dewey to descend upon Spain’s Philippines for war. McKinley confirmed orders. Dewey carried out orders on May 1, 1898 at Manila Harbor with 6 warships; Dewey’s flagship is U.S.S. Olympia. He was against a Spanish fleet of 10 ships, one that didn’t work. End Results: 400 Spanish dead or wounded, and no loss on USA fleet. Dewey became national hero.
a. But they are stuck in harbor. 5 German vessels coming. German admiral defied the USA blockade regulations. Dewey lost temper and threatened Germans with war “as soon as you like”
b. US troops finally arrive on August 13, 1898
c. They collaborated with Filipino insurgents by Emilio Aguinaldo. Dewey got Emilio out of exile in Asia to weaken Spanish resistance.
Manila Bay
Battle in 1898; American Asiatic Squadron, under Dewey versus Spanish fleet. USA victory (See #18 Commodore George Dewey)
Rough Riders
commanded by Colonel Leonard Wood, but organized by Teddy Roosevelt and included people from western cowboys to ex-convicts to Ivy League polo players. Also included 2 black regiments. Sent to Cuba, without horses, became bowlegged and some referred to them as “Wood’s Weary Walkers”
San Juan Hill
- Rough Riders. USA: 200 deaths (suffers heavy casualties) however Spanish are defeated and it removed Spanish from high ground of El Caney
Santiago
Target City! · well equipped · had firepower · contained a lot of troops. Don’t land at Santiago, need to get Spanish off high ground, which is accomplished at the Battle of San Juan Hill. Then Battle of Santiago. Odds are against Admiral Cervera and the Spanish fleet. USA had the U.S.S. Oregon, which had more firepower than 4 armored cruisers combined. July 3- Spanish destroyed. End Results: 500 Spanish deaths, 1 American death.
a. “Don’t cheer men, the poor devils are dying” – Captain Phillip of Texas
Treaty of Paris (1898)
· Cuba becomes independent · Spain gives USA- Philippines, Guam, Wake Island, and Puerto Rico · USA give $20 million to Spain
Protectorate
the relation of a strong state toward a weaker state or territory that it protects and partly controls
Anti- Imperialist League
contained: Andrew Carnegie, who was concerned with competition, Mark Twain, Samuel Gompers, Jane Adams. Formed to fight US Annexation of the Philippines.