Us History Mid-Term

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Ecomienda system

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abolished by the Spanish because it brutally exploited Native Americans

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Spanish first moved to North American Southwest in order to

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Find gold and other treasures

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Middle Passage

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Part of triangular trade system that carried slaves from Africa to the West Indies and N.A.

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Trade between Africa and Portugal resulted in

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The exportation of slaves from Africa

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Columbian Exchange

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Exchange of goods between the Americas and Europe and Africa

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European colonization consisted of

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Introducing diseases like smallpox

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Mercantilism

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A nation can increase its wealth and power by obtaining as much gold and silver as possible by establishing a favorable balance of trade

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Stamp Act

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Opposition to it was stronger than the Sugar Act because it affected the colonists directly

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Intolerable acts

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Resulted in the formation of the first continental congress

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Marquis de Lafayette

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The arrival of him meant that Americans would receive help from the French

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The bill of rights was added in order to

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Appease the antifederalists’ concern over individual rights

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How did the Americans win the battle of Yorktown

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The British were almost completely surrounded and were outnumbered

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Louis and Clark

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Explored the Louisiana Purchase for the us

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Sam F.B. Morse

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Invented the telegraph

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McCormick

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Invented the reaper

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Monroe Doctrine

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Aimed to prevent Russia from establishing permanent settlements in California

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Annexation of Texas was delayed because

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sectional conflicts over whether Texas was a slave state or not

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William Tecumseh Sherman

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Union general who burned a path of destruction through Georgia

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Harriet Beecher Stowe

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wrote novel the incited protests against the Fugitive Slave Act--Uncle Tom's Cabin

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Robert E. Lee

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general who surrendered the Confederate army to Union forces

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Harriet Tubman

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conductor of the underground railroad

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Ulysses S. Grant

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general who won at Vicksburg and became commander of all Unior armies

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Stephen A. Douglas

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U.S. senator who debated Abe Lincoln on slavery

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Abe Lincoln

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reuplican who won presidency in 1860

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14th amendment

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granted slaves citizenship

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15th amendment

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gave slaves the right to vote

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Wounded Knee

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marked the end of the wars between the federal gov. and the Plains Indians

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exodusters

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former slaves from the south who settled on the great plains

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Homestead Act

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taken most by people seeking profits

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bimetallism

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making money from both gold and silver

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plains farmers supported bimetaliism because

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it would put more money in circulation

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marked the collapse of Populism

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the election of Wm. McKinely

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Social Darwinism discouraged

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government regulation

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scabs

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workers used to break strikes, unpopular with striking workers

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what made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800s

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new methods of making steel

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Interstate Commerce Act goal

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to lower excessive railroad rates

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Thomas Edison invented

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the lightbulb and electricity

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Bell invented

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the telephone

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main immigration processing station in San Francisco

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Angel Island

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Chinese Exclusion Act goal

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decrease Chinese immigration

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main goal of Americanization movement

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assimilate people of various cultures into the dominant culture

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settlement houses were founded by

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social reformers

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illegal use of political influence for personal gain

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graft

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Tammany Hall

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new york city political machine

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ex. of patronage

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appointing a friend to a political position

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Pendleton service act required

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apllicants for gov. jobs to pass exams

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kept blacks in the south from voting

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poll taxes, grandfather clause, and lit tests

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effect of the trial of plessy v. ferguson

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racial segregation was permitted for nearly 60 years

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this development lowered the price of newspapers to a penny a copy

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lower price for american timber used by paper mills

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George Eastman

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invented the Kodak camera with film

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considered the most educated president

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Woodrow Wilson

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Progressivism

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reform movement that sought to reutrn control of the gov. to the people

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president of the U.S. who was a former president of Princeton and gov. of New Jersey

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Woodrow Wilson

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president whose actions split the republican party after he angered both progressives and conservationists

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Taft

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leader of woman suffrage movement

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Susan B. Anthony

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this state was the first to grant women full rights

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Wyoming

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3 main roots of american imperialism

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desire for military strength, thirst for new markets, belief in cultural superiority

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causes a crisis by threatening Hawaiian sugar growers with economic disaster

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The McKinely tariff

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recognizes the republic of Hawaii

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Grover Cleveland