Us History Ii- Midterm Terms

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characteristic of a political system in which the gov't excercises complete control over its citizens' lives

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Totalitarian

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a political philosophy that advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic gov't headed by a powerful dictator

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Fascism

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the German brand of fascism, based on extreme nationalism

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Nasism

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a series of laws enacted in 1935 and 1936 to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at war

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Neutrality Acts

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giving up principals to pacify an aggressor

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appeasement

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an agreement in which two nations (Poland & Germany) promise not to go to war with each other

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Nonaggression Pact

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form the german word meaning "lightning war," a sudden, massive attack with combined air and ground forces, intended to achieve a quick victory

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Blitzkrieg

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"night of broken glass," a name given to the night of nov. 9, 1938, when gangs of Nazi storm troopers attcked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues in Germany

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Kristallnacht

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the systematic murder of 11 million people accross Europe, more than half of whom were Jews

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holocaust

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the deliberate and systematic killing of an entire population

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genocide

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a city neighborhood in which a certain minority group is pressured or forced to live

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ghetto

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a prison camp operated by nazi germany in which Jews and other groups considered to be enemies of Adolf Hitler were atrved while doing slave labor or were murdered

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concentration camps

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the group of nations-including Germany, Italy, and japan-that opposed the allies and WWII

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Axis Powers

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the group of nations-including Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States-that opposed the axis powers

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allies

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a law, passed in 1941, that allowed the US to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting the axis powers

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Lend-Lease Act

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signed by Roosevelt and Churchill~a 1941 declaration of principles in which the US and Great Britain set forth their goals in opposing the axis powers----1.Collective Security 2.disarmament 3.self-determination 4.economic cooperation 5.freedom of the seas

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Atlantic Charter

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women volunteers who would serve in noncombat positions

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Woman's Auxiliary Army corps
WAAC

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code name for research work on the atomic bomb- lead by the Office of Scientific research

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Manhattan Project

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fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods

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Office of Price Administration
OPA

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decided what companies would convert from peacetime to wartime production and allocated raw materials to key industries. organized nation wide drives

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War Production Board
WPB

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establishing fixed alotments of goods deemed essential to the military

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rationing

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June 6, 1944, the first day of the invasion into Germany.

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D-Day

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A turning point in the war where the Germans made an attemptat taking back a Belgium port. By the end of a month long battle, the Germans had lost a lot, most of which they could not replace. After this battle, the Nazis could do little but retreat. (Bastogne- centerpoint of this battle)

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Battle of the Bulge

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Victory in Europe Day. the war ended in Europe on May 8, 1945

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V-E day

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turning point in Pacific war. US caught Japanese fleet and bombed them. started the run of allies doing Island hopping geting them closer and closer to Japan

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Battle of Midway

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confronted urban segregation in the North

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Congress of racial equality

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confinement, used in the US with Japanese Americans

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Internment

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pushed the gov't to compensate those sent to the camps for their lost properties. ( called for payment of reperations)

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Japanese American Citizens League
JACL

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testing cite for Mannhattan project.

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Los Alamos (NM)

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the blocking of another nations attempts to spread its influence

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Containment

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a phrase used by Winston Chuchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated communist countries in the Soviet Union bloc of eastern Europe from countries in Weastern Europe

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Iron Curtain

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a Us policy, announced by President Harry S. Truman in 1947, of providing military and economic aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents

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Truman Doctrine

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the program, proposed by Secretary of state George Marshal in 1947, under which the US supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after WWII

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Marshall Plan

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a defensive military allience formed in 1949 by ten western European Nations, the US and Canada. this was the firsat time that the US made a military alllience during peacetime

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NATO

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the country where Chaing Kai-Shek and his followers flead to. Also known as Formosa

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Taiwan

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committee that investigated communist influence inside and outside the US gov't in the years following WWII

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HUAC
House of Unamerican Activities Communittee

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to go to the edge of all out war

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Brinkmanship

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linked soviet union with seven other Eastern European countries

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Warsaw Pact

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the downing of a US spy plane and capture its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960

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U-2 incident

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one of the southern delegates who , to protest Truman's civil rights policy, walked out of the 1948 Democratic National convention and formed the states' Rights Democratic Party.

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Dixiecrats

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economic program - an extention of Franklin Roosevelt's new deal

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fair deal

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a major coorperation that owns a number of smaller companies in unrelated businesses

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Conglomerate

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a preoccupation with the purchasing of material goods

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consumerism

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the gov't agency that regulates and licenses television, telephone, telegraph, radio, and other communication industries

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Federal communications Commission
FCC

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a style of music characterized by the use of improvisation

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Jazz

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the tearing down and replacing of buildings in rundown inner-city neighborhoods

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urban Renewal

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the uS gov't plan, announced in 1953 to give up responsiblity of Native American tribes by elimination federal economic support; discontinuing the reservation system and redistributing tribal lands

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termination policy

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a law that banned discrimination on the basis of sex, race, national origin, or religion in public places and most work places

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Civil Rights Act of 1964

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a 1964 project to register African American voters in Mississippi

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Freedom Summer

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cae where separation of schools was challenged

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Brown v. Board of Ed. of Topeka

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its purpose was to carry on nonviolent crusades aginst the evils of second-class citizenship---lead by Martin Luther King Jr.

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference
SCLS

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a national youth protest group

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Student Nonvioent Coordinating Committee

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black Muslims, lead by Elijah Muhammad

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Nation of Islam

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carmichal's call for black people to begin to define their own goals and to lead their own organizations

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Black Power

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founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale-- political party to fight police brutality in the ghetto

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Black Panthers

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President Johnson had appointed this to study the causes of Urban violence

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kerner Commission

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ended discrimination in housing

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Civil Rights Act of 1968