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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who were four possible pre-Columbian discoverers of the New World?
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1. St. Brendan
2. Norse (Vikings!) 3. Chinese 4. Egyptians |
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What is some evidence that the Egyptians reached the New World?
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Cocaine (found only in SA) found in the stomach of ancient mummies.
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Who was St. Brendan?
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An Irish monk who is thought to have reached the New World on a religious pilgrimage.
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Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?
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The most influential advocate of Portuguese exploration in the 1400s.
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Who was the great uncle to Isabella?
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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Who was the most influential navigator in the 1400s?
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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In 1480, Prince Henry the Navigator went in search of what?
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A trade route to Asia that bypassed the Mediterranean trading posts.
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In 1498, who sailed around Cape of Good Hope?
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Bartholomeu Dias
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Who was Christopher Columbus?
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A Portuguese explorer who sailed for Spain and "discovered" the New World in 1492.
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Who was Christopher Columbus married to? Why is she important?
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Felipa Moniz whose father was raised in the household of Prince Henry the Navigator. This gave CC access to maps and navigator tools.
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What were the names of the three ships Christopher Columbus used to sail to the NW? How many men?
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Nina, Pinta and the Santa Maria with 250 men
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What island did CC land on in 1492? What did the natives call it?
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San Salvador in the Caribbean. Natives called it Tainos.
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What is the name of the treaty between Spain and Portugal that was established in 1494?
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Treaty of Tordesillas.
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What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
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Treaty between Spain and Portugal that gave Spain the rights to everything west of the Canary Islands and everything east to Portugal.
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Where does the line of the Treaty of Tordesillas go through?
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Brazil!
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Who gets credited for realizing that the New World was a new continent despite no evidence of knowledge?
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Amerigo Vespucci
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What was the Northwest Passage?
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An ill fated expedition by John Cabot in search of a throughway to the Indies across the North Atlantic. After finding Newfoundland, he was never seen again.
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What is the Columbian Exchange?
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A transatlantic trade of goods to and from the New World to and from the Old.
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Who was Hernan Cortes?
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Spaniard who took 250 men in 1519 to Central America to look for gold when he was 26.
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Who did Cortes marry? Why was she special?
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Malinali (renamed Dona Maria) was special because she was multilingual.
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What language did the Aztecs speak?
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Nahuat'l
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At the time of Cortes, who was the emperor of Tenochtitlan?
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Montezuma
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What was the capital of the Mexican empire?
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Tenochtitlan
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Cortes did what with Montezuma?
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Held him for ransom.
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What disease nearly wiped out every Indian? What did the Indians give back to the Spaniards?
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Small Pox! They returned this gift with syphilis.
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Spain established a very strict what in the New World?
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A caste system!
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In the Spaniards caste system, who was at the top?
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Those who were born in Spain were at the top, followed by those born to Spaniards.
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Who basically controlled the Spice Trade?
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Italy!
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What is a Caravel?
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A fast, sturdy ship that became explorers' vessel of choice for the Portuguese
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In Caravels, Portuguese mariners sailed into and around what two things?
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Gulf of Guinea and as far south as Congo
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What were some Old World diseases that were given to the New World?
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Small pox, chicken pox, the flu, malaria, measles, and yellow fever
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What were some New World diseases that were given to the Old World?
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Syphilis, polio, hepatitis, and encephalitis
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Spain gave the conquistadors permission to do what under the condition of receiving what?
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Permission to explore and plunder what they found as long as they gave back to the Spanish monarchy 1/5 of the loot.
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What was Spain's system of coerced labor in the New World?
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Encomienda which meant that as long as the Indians did their labor, the conquistadors would protect them and their property.
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In response to Encomienda, what reform began?
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Repartimiento which limited the amount of work encomenderos could command from his Indians.
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In order of highest to lowest, list the ranks of the Spanish in the New World.
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1. Natives of Spain - peninsulares
2. Born of Spanish parents - creoles 3. Spanish and Indian babies - Mestizos (mixed) |
