Us History Chapter 4

Front 1

Rivalry between Britain and France led to the French and Indian war

Back 1

Conflict arose because the English claimed the Ohio River Valley that the French claimed

Front 2

What were the forts the French established for?

Back 2

to protect their land claims, and served as trading posts with the Native Americans

Front 3

What type of trade between the French and Native Americans was important?

Back 3

fur

Front 4

What war was going on at the same time as the French and Indian war?

Back 4

Seven Years War

Front 5

By about 1758 the tide of war began to turn in British favor

Back 5

better prepared and better led troops overwhelmed the French and Indian forces

later captured Fort Duquesne and the Iroquois began supporting the English actively

Front 6

Who convinced Parliament to send more troops?

Back 6

William Pitt

Front 7

Despite victory, the war strained relations between Britain and colonists

Back 7

British thought the colonists had not provided enough support

Colonists felt a loss of respect for military power, and believed they weren't treated with proper respect

Front 8

French and Indian War

Back 8

war in American that started in 1754 and ended in 1763

Front 9

Albany Plan of Union

Back 9

a plan for permanent union proposed by Benjamin Franklin, provided a model for future American government and was based on the Iroquois

Front 10

militia

Back 10

armed citizens who served as soldiers during emergencies

Front 11

prime minister

Back 11

highest official of a parliamentary government

Front 12

siege

Back 12

an enemy force is surrounded, and without access to survive are starved into surrendering

Front 13

Treaty of Paris 1763

Back 13

ended the French and Indian War in America and the Seven Years War in Europe.

Front 14

What land did Britain receive after the war?

Back 14

Canada and all land east of the Mississippi

Front 15

Cause: The British military commander, General Jeffrey Amherst, stopped the flow of trade goods to Native Americans

Back 15

groups of Indians rebelled against the British in 1763 (Pontiac's Rebellion)

Front 16

Cause: Parliament decided they couldn't tax people at home anymore, so they taxed colonists in order to pay for the Seven Years War

Back 16

In 1764 Parliament passed the Sugar Act to raise more tax money for Britain

Front 17

Cause: The Stamp Act of 1765 (tax on anything printed on paper)

Back 17

Colonists boycotted British goods and claimed they could not be taxed without being represented in Parliament

Front 18

Cause: After Britain sent troops to Boston to stop resistance to the Townsend Acts, tensions exploded in the Boston Massacre of 1770

Back 18

Parliament cancelled Townsend Acts, tax on tea remained, and colonies stopped their boycott of British goods

Front 19

Cause: Parliament passed the Tea Act

Back 19

Colonists dumped tea into the Boston Harbor during the Boston Tea Party

Front 20

Cause: Parliament passed series of Intolerable Acts to punish Boston and Massachusetts

Back 20

Protest committees sent delegates to the First Continental Congress

Front 21

Pontiac's Rebellion

Back 21

war launched in 1763 by loose confederation of Native American tribes from the Great Lakes region

Front 22

Proclamation of 1763

Back 22

issued October 7, 1763 to end French and Indian war

Front 23

Boston Massacre

Back 23

killing of five colonists by British regulars on March 5, 1770

Front 24

Battles of Lexington and Concord

Back 24

first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War

Front 25

Thomas Paine, independence, Common Sense

Back 25

Thomas Paine wrote "Common Sense" to express the colonists longing for independence from Britain

Front 26

John Locke, Thomas Jefferson, Declaration

Back 26

Thomas Jefferson used thoughts first penned down by John Locke (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness) when writing the Declaration

Front 27

John Locke, Enlightenment, natural rights

Back 27

John Locke is an Enlightenment philosopher who believed in the idea of all humans having natural rights that governments cannot take away

Front 28

Abigail Adams, John Adams, women's rights

Back 28

Abigail Adams, the wife of John Adams, reminded her husband to be concerned with women's rights

Front 29

Common Sense

Back 29

released in January 1776

Front 30

Second Continental Congress

Back 30

called after the Declaration is written and the war begins

Front 31

Olive Branch Petition

Back 31

expressed the colonists loyalty to Great Britain and sued for peace, with conditions

Front 32

What hardships did Americans face during the war?

Back 32

financing the war and disruptions of trade

Front 33

How did the Americans defeat Cornwallis in the Battle of Yorktown?

Back 33

a blockade, French fleet, and additional French troops

Front 34

What impact did the Revolution have on African Americans?

Back 34

promoted antislavery in the North, but states also passed laws limiting legal rights and political power

Front 35

How did the outcome of the Revolution affect Native Americans?

Back 35

power of the Iroquois was destroyed, nations pushed out of NY, attacks on them were justified because they had supported the British

Front 36

blockade

Back 36

cut off from outside contact

Front 37

profiteering

Back 37

selling scarce items at unreasonably high prices

Front 38

inflation

Back 38

a steady increase in prices over time

Front 39

Battle of Yorktown

Back 39

decisive battle that ends the war and brings surrender of Cornwallis and troops

Front 40

Major provisions of the Treaty of Paris

Front 41

Events in order

Back 41

French and Indian War (1763)

Lexington and Concord (1775)

Declaration (1776)

Saratoga (1777)

Yorktown (1781)

Treaty of Paris (1783)

Front 42

How did British policies change in 1763?

Back 42

With heavy debts from war, they raised taxes on colonies instead of the English people

Front 43

Why is the Declaration important?

Back 43

It contains the ideas and goals of our nation, contains the complaints of the colonists against the British king,