Us History Ch. 11 The Growth Of American Society

Front 1

Samuel Slater

Back 1

built the first textile mill in America

Front 2

Eli Whitney

Back 2

invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts

Front 3

interchangeable parts

Back 3

new production method Eli Whitney used to make standardized rifles

Front 4

patent

Back 4

right or title to an invention or process for a period of time

Front 5

John Deere

Back 5

invented the steel plow

Front 6

Cyrus McCormick

Back 6

invented the reaping machine

Front 7

cotton gin

Back 7

machine containing a series of metal teeth mounted on rollers that separated the cotton from the troublesome seeds

Front 8

Robert Fulton

Back 8

invented the steamboat

Front 9

DeWitt Clinton

Back 9

governor of New York who championed the building of the erie Canal

Front 10

Erie Canal

Back 10

363 mile canal that ran from Albany, New York to Buffalo, New York

Front 11

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad

Back 11

America's first economically successful railroad

Front 12

clipper ship

Back 12

fastest type of sailing ship ever built

Front 13

Samuel F. B. Morse

Back 13

invented the telegraph

Front 14

abolitionism

Back 14

the movement to eliminate slavery

Front 15

William Lloyd Garrison

Back 15

most important and most militant abolitionist leader; editor of the Liberator

Front 16

Nat Turner

Back 16

slave and radical preacher who led a slave rebellion in Virginia

Front 17

Frederick Douglass

Back 17

brilliant and eloquent former slave who helped the abolitionist movement by his writing and speaking

Front 18

Harriet Tubman

Back 18

former slave who made trips to the South to lead slaves to freedom

Front 19

Horace Mann

Back 19

public education reformer; believed that people could find deliverance from ignorance and social problems through sound moral education

Front 20

William H. Mcguffey

Back 20

taught generations of Americans rules for living as well as rules for grammar through his elementary reading books

Front 21

Dorothea Dix

Back 21

through her efforts, conditions in insane-asylums improved

Front 22

prohibition

Back 22

banning of the sale and consumption of alcohol

Front 23

Seneca Falls Convention

Back 23

birthplace of the women's rights movement

Front 24

Robert Owen

Back 24

established the New Harmony utopia

Front 25

transcendentalism

Back 25

philosophy based on the idea that man could transcend feelings by coming into harmony with this inner being

Front 26

Federalist style

Back 26

style of art that duplicated the neoclassical style of Europe; balanced restrained style

Front 27

Gilbert Stuart

Back 27

artist, best known for his different portraits of George Washington; especially his "unfinished" portrait of Washington which appears in the $1 bill

Front 28

Greek revival

Back 28

re-created the columns and porticos of ancient Greek and Roman buildings

Front 29

Charles Bulfinch

Back 29

famous architect who helped design the U.S. Capitol

Front 30

James Fenimore Cooper

Back 30

first American writer to gain fame outside America; The last of the Mohicans

Front 31

Washington Irving

Back 31

helped develop the greatest American contribution to world literature, the short story through his works such as "Rip Van Wrinkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow"

Front 32

Edgar Allan Poe

Back 32

became famous for writing short stories and poems that explore the dark side of human nature

Front 33

penny newspaper

Back 33

an important means of making information widely available and more affordable

Front 34

Second Great Awakening

Back 34

revival that affected the entire nation in the early nineteenth century

Front 35

deism

Back 35

belief that reason rather than Scripture was the way men came to know God; popular among prominent Patriots, such as Thomas Paine

Front 36

Cane Ridge

Back 36

most significant camp meeting; estimates of the attendance range from ten thousand to twenty-five thousand

Front 37

Unitarianism

Back 37

one of the most prestigious unorthodox

Front 38

Mormonism

Back 38

religion that teaches that salvation rests primarily on good works and that one who is good enough eventually becomes a god; stirred up the most controversy by their practice of taking of more than one wife at the same time

Front 39

Joseph Smith

Back 39

founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or Mormonism

Front 40

Brigham Young

Back 40

founder of Salt Lake City, the Mormon "capital"

Front 41

Christian Science

Back 41

religion that denies the Trinity, the inspiration of Scripture, miracles, the atonement and other key Christian doctrines; most public feature today is its national newspaper, the christian Science Monitor

Front 42

Prayer Meeting Revival

Back 42

the "third great awakening" which came just before the Civil War; the first revival led primarily by laymen

Front 43

Why did western Pennsylvania become an early center of american heavy industry?

Back 43

because it was the location of coal and iron ore deposits

Front 44

What was America's first major industry and in what region of the nation did it center?

Back 44

textiles; New England

Front 45

What event marked the beginning of the canal era?

Back 45

the building of New York's Erie Canal, beginning in 1817

Front 46

What was America's most important method of transportation by 1861?

Back 46

the railroad

Front 47

What was the most controversial reform movement of the first half of the nineteenth century?

Back 47

abolitionism

Front 48

What were the two important trends in American education in the early 1800s?

Back 48

the growth of both public education and teacher education

Front 49

Which authors defended romanticism's idea that man is basically good and which authors denied this idea?

Back 49

defended: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau and Walt Whitman
denied: Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe