U.s. History: Bldg. A New Gov't (1780-1800)

Front 1

The laws and plan of a nation's government.

Back 1

constitution

Hint 1

The U.S. ____________ was first written as the Articles of Confederation.

Front 2

Land that belongs to a national government but is not a state.

Back 2

territory

Hint 2

Puerto Rico, Guam & the Phillipines are ____________ of the U.S.A.

Front 3

A large gathering of people for a particular reason.

Back 3

convention

Hint 3

The First Constitutional _____________ was on May 1787 in Philadelphia, PA.

Front 4

A settling of differences where both sides give up something

Back 4

compromise

Hint 4

The conflict between big states and small states over choosing representatives was settled by the Great _______ and the 3/5s ___________.

Front 5

The part of government that makes our laws.

Back 5

legislative branch

Hint 5

Bicameral Congress: Senate and House of Representatives

Front 6

The part of government that carries our laws.

Back 6

executive branch

Hint 6

The President and his Cabinet members

Front 7

The part of government that settles differences about the meaning of our laws.

Back 7

judicial branch

Hint 7

The Supreme Court and Supreme Court Justices.

Front 8

To approve

Back 8

ratify

Hint 8

The process of approving a law is ______________.

Front 9

A change or addition to a document

Back 9

amendment

Hint 9

The Bill of Rights are the first 10 ___________ to the constitution of the U.S.

Front 10

A group of people chosen by the president to give advise

Back 10

Cabinet

Hint 10

Members of the President's Cabinet are called Secretaries and each has a special job.

Front 11

A partnership

Back 11

alliance

Hint 11

__________ were made with foreign countries to assist with money/supplies in time of war.

Front 12

An uprising of debt-ridden Massachussetts farmers protesting increased state taxes in 1787.

Back 12

Shay's Rebellion

Hint 12

Convinced the founding fathers the U.S. needed a stronger national government

Front 13

Developed the Virginia Plan of Government used in the Constitution and kept records of the debates in drafting the constitution

Back 13

James Madison

Hint 13

Known as "Father of the Constitution"

Front 14

A New England lawyer who helped draft the constitution and the the Great Compromise

Back 14

Roger Sherman

Hint 14

only man to sign Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, & The Constitution

Front 15

The Constitutional Convention's agreement to establish a two-house national legislature, with all states having equal representation in one house and each state having representation based on its population in the other house

Back 15

Great Compromise

Hint 15

Developed by Roger Sherman but did not account for slave population in South

Front 16

A compromise calling for 3/5 of state's slaves to be counted as population.

Back 16

Three-Fifths Compromise

Hint 16

settled the political issue but not the economic issue of slavery in the U.S.

Front 17

The division of powers between the national & state governments

Back 17

federalism

Hint 17

National government has delegated/enumerated powers while powers kept by the states are reserved powers.

Front 18

The provisions of the U.S. Constitution that prevent any one branch of the U.S. Govt.
from dominating the other two branches.

Back 18

checks and balances

Hint 18

The Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches of government can check the powers of the other two.

Front 19

A group selected by the states to elect the president and vice-president, in which each state's number of electors is equal to the number of its senators and representatives in Congress

Back 19

electoral college

Hint 19

The ______ _______ insured that a college of electors or representatives would have the last say in the vote to elect the President & V.P.

Front 20

Supporters of the Constitution because they favored a balance of power between the states and national government

Back 20

Federalists

Hint 20

They felt the system of checks and balances would protect Americans from the tyranny of centralized authority

Front 21

A group that opposed having a strong central government and therefore were against the constitution until a Bill of Rights was added.

Back 21

Antifederalists

Hint 21

They feared that the government would serve the interests of the priviledged minority while ignoring the rights of the majority; concerned about individual rights.

Front 22

A series of 85 essays defending the Constitution run in N.Y. newspapers between 1787-88.

Back 22

The Federalist (newspaper)

Hint 22

Authors of these essays were Hamilton (51), Madison (29) and Jay (5).

Front 23

A formal summary of citizens' rights and freedoms; the 1st 10 amendments to the Constitution

Back 23

Bill of Rights

Hint 23

AntiFederalists wanted a written guarantee that the people would have freedom of speech, press & religion.

Front 24

Official approval of the Constitution required agreement of at least 9 states

Back 24

Ratification

Hint 24

Voters elected delegates to the convention who would then vote to ________ (accept/reject) the Constitution

Front 25

A government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives; the idea governments should be based on the "consent of the governed" placing the good of the nation above their personal interests.

Back 25

Republic / Republicanism

Hint 25

18th C. Americans felt a direct democracy placed too much power in the hands of the uneducated masses.

Front 26

A set of laws in which two levels of government share fundamental powers.

Back 26

Articles of Confederation

Hint 26

Under this constitution, states had supreme power in some matters & the National govt. was supreme in other matters.

Front 27

An alliance of states

Back 27

Confederation

Hint 27

A loose alliance of states; ex. Confederate States of America

Front 28

The Confederation Congress established a plan for surveying the land north of the Ohio River and west of the Appalachian Mtns.

Back 28

Land Ordinance of 1785

Hint 28

Made parcels of land small enough that they would be affordable to a majority of people. (one square mile = 640 acres ) a typical farm = 1/4 section or 160 acres for one dollar

Front 29

Congress provided a procedure for dividing the land into territories which ignored Native American land claims.

Back 29

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Hint 29

It set 3 requirements for becoming a state:
1.Congress apptd. a territorial governor/judge
2. With 5,000 voting residents, settlers could write a temporary constitution & elect own govt.
3. When population reached 60,000 free inhabitants settlers could write a state constitution which had to be approved by Congress before it was granted statehood.