U.s. History 1 Midterm Vocab

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Bering Land Bridge

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The name given to the land that connected Alaska and Siberia thousands of years ago, which is now under the current Bering sea. It is significant because that's what allowed the first human migration to the Americas

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Clovis People

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The name of the early residents of North America whose spear points were found near what is now Clovis, New Mexico, in 1929. They are significant because, at one point, they were believed to have been the first immigrants to the Americas.

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Mound Builders

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A name given to Native American tribes that built large burial and ceremonial mounds on which religious and sports activities took place. They were very large and flourishing native people for that era.

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Columbian Exchange

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The transatlantic exchange of plants, animals, and diseases that occurred after the first European contacts with the Americas.

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Virginia Company

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A joint stock company chartered by James 1 in 1607 with purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America. It didn't go well, though. They settled in a bad spot where the water was bad. Several died during the first winter. But eventually things picked up when ore people arrived.

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Mayflower Compact

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The 1620 agreement made among the Pilgrims and others (whom the Pilgrims called "Strangers") on board the ship that brought them to Plymouth. This compact was the beginning of government by the consent of the people.

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Puritans

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Individuals who believed that the reformation of the Church of England had not gone far enough in improving the church. The Puritans instilled in their government many of the features which were included in our current government: social contract (Mayflower Compact), Constitutional government, division of church and state, voting, and a representative government.

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John Rolfe

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Arrived in Jamestown in 1619 and wanted to expand the workforce for his tobacco farm. So he traded food supply for 20 African slaves. This introduced a new, and what would soon be popular, trade for slaves.

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Indentured Servant

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An individual who contracted to serve for a period of 4-7 years in return for payment of passage to America. This wasn't really a slave because after than person served their time, they were free and they agreed to do the work that they did.

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Democracy

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A form of government in which power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation. The U.S. wasn't the first democracy, but it's significant because that's how our government was established and how it still runs today.

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Federalists

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Supporters of the Constitution; those who favored its ratification

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Antifederalists

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Opponents of the Constitution; those who argued against its ratification.

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Shay's Rebellion

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An Armed movement of debt-ridden farmers in western Massachusetts in the winter of 1786-1787 who objected to the state's effort to tax them to pay off the Revolutionary War debt. This was significant because it helped regulate the power of the new state government. Also, their denial to pay off the war debt led to the passing of Hamilton's economic plan.

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Republican Motherhood

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The belief that women should have more rights and a better education so that they might support husbands and raise sons who would actively participate in the political affairs of society.

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Bill of Rights

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The first 10 amendments to the constitution passed by Congress in 1789 and ratified by the states in 1791. It was a significant part added to the Constitution. It's one thing that almost every state beforehand asked for.

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Bank of the United States

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The first federal bank, chartered in 1781, issued currency for the country and stabilized the economy. If was as significant back then as banks are today. It was a necessity for society that was established.

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Whiskey Rebellion

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Armed uprising in 1794 by farmers in western Pennsylvania who attempted to prevent the collection of excise tax on whiskey. This was significant because it was the people standing up to the government because they were being taxed unfairly, just like their previous king had done. That's one reason why they broke off from Great Britain.

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John Adams

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Elected president in 1796. He served as the second president of the United States, the first vice president, and as a Founding Father was a leader of American Independence from Great Britain

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Alien and Sedition Acts

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A series of acts passed by Congress in 1798 that made it harder for new immigrants to vote and made it a crime to criticize the president or congress. It was significant because it was one of the first times that Congress passed an act that contradicted previously set government rules, such as freedom of speech in the first ammendment.

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Maryland

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New York

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Pennsylvania

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