Chapt 3

Front 1

Bill of Attainder

Back 1

BoA is an act of a legislature declaring a person guilty of some crime and punishing them without a trial.

Front 2

Categorical Grant

Back 2

CG is grant issued by the United States Congress for defined purposes. It is the main source of federal aid to state and local government.

Front 3

Dual Federalism

Back 3

DF (divided sovereignty) is a political arrangement in which power is divided between the federal and state governments.

Front 4

Ex Post Facto Law

Back 4

EPFL is a law that criminalize actions that were legal when committed.

Front 5

Gibbons v. Ogden

Back 5

Gv.O was a landmark decision that the power to regulate interstate commerce will be granted to Congress .

Front 6

Interstate Compacts

Back 6

IC are contracts between two or more states creating an agreement on a particular policy issue, standard or cooperating on regional or national matters.

Front 7

Preemption

Back 7

Preemption is the effect state laws might have on ordinances enacted by local governments.

Ex: alcoholic beverage laws and gun laws.

Front 8

Reserve Powers

Back 8

RP are powers which are not "enumerated" or listed in the constitution.

Front 9

16th Amendment

Back 9

The 16th Amendment is the power of the Congress to collect taxes on incomes.

Front 10

Unfunded Mandates

Back 10

UM is the regulation that requires a state or local government to perform certain actions, with no money provided for fulfilling the requirements.

Front 11

Block Grant

Back 11

BG are grant-in-aid that the federal government uses to provide state and local governments funds for assistance purposes, such as community development, social services, public health, or law enforcement.

Front 12

Concurrent Powers

Back 12

CP are powers that are shared by both the state and the federal government. Ex: regulating elections, taxing and establishing courts.

Front 13

Cooperative Federalism

Back 13

Cooperative Federalism is a concept of federalism where national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively to solve common problems.

Front 14

Extradition Clause

Back 14

EC refers to the extradition of a criminal back to the state where he or she has committed a crime.

Front 15

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Back 15

FF&CC addresses the duties that states within the United States have to respect the "public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state."

Front 16

McCulloch v. Maryland

Back 16

MCv.M was an incident in 1819 where the state of Maryland voted to tax the federal bank Bank of the United States, and sued them when they refused. "The right to tax is the right to destroy"

Front 17

New Federalism

Back 17

NF is a political philosophy of transferring certain powers from the United States federal government back to the states.

Front 18

Privileges and Immunities Clause

Back 18

P&IC prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner.

Front 19

17th Amendment

Back 19

The 17th Amendment established the election of United States Senators by the people of the states.

Front 20

Sovereign Immunity

Back 20

SI (crown immunity) is a legal doctrine by which the sovereign cannot commit a legal wrong and is immune from civil suit or criminal prosecution.

Front 21

10th Amendment

Back 21

The 10th Amendment states that the federal government possesses only those powers delegated to it by the Constitution and all remaining powers are reserved for the states and the people.

Front 22

Unitary System

Back 22

US is a sovereign state governed as a single entity.