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88 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The power to make law and to frame public policies
legislative power
the power to execute, enforce, and administer law
executive power
the power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning, and to settle disputes that arise within the society
judical power
What are the common features of the first state constitutions?
popular sovereignty (govt. can only exist with the consent of the governed), limited government, civil rights and liberties, and seperation of powers and checks and balances
What is the extent of presidential powers?
power to act as commander in chief of the armed forces, power to grant reprieves and pardons, power to make treaties, and power to appoint major federal officials
The legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government are distributed-separated-among three distinct and independent branches of the government
seperation of powers
What worries did the smaller states have when the constitution was being formed?
feared that they would not be able to protect their interests
What is the role of precinct election boards?
supervises the polling place and the voting process in each precinct; draws precinct lines, fixes the location of each polling place, and picks the members of the precinct boards; opens and closes the polls at the times set by State law, see that the ballots and the ballot boxes are available, and counts the votes cast in each precinct
What are the different ways to run for President?
self-announcement, caucus, convention, direct primary, and petition
What are the reasons for voter registration?
gives election officials a list of those persons who are qualified to vote and identifies voters in terms of their party preference
What is the role of minor party candidates?
"spoiler role"-pull votes from one of the major parties
critic and innovator-draw attention to some issue that the major parties have ignored
the power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a government action
judicial review
Declares that no state can draw unreasonable distinctions between its own residents and those who live in other staes. However, residents of a state may have certain privliges because they are the taxpayers i.e.-instate tution, lower hunting fees, and holding public office
Privileges and Immunities Clause
States credit shall be given by all states to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings that took place in another state
Full Faith in Credit Clause
the legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned to that state
extradition
a highly unreliable polling technique that involves asking the same question to a large number of people. In this technique, there is no reasonably accurate cross section of the population
straw votes
What is the impact of mass media on public agenda?
the media comment and report certain political issues to the public. They may emphasize, downplay, or even ignore certain issues. i.e.-making an issue a "top story" in a news show or putting it on the cover of a newspaper or magazine
professional group with a very real impact on public policy
American Medical Association (AMA)
The national government has delegated powers that are either _____ or ______ in the constituion or are ______
expressed
implied
inherent
The state has ___________, which are powers that are not givento the national government or denied to the states
reserved powers
gives Congress the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for executing its powers
Necessary and Proper Clause
How does a bill become a law?
It has to be passed by both houses, voted on,and the president has to sign off on it
What happened in the McCulloch v. Maryland case?
Maryland legislature attempted to cripple the Second Bank of the US by placing a tax on all notes issued by its Baltimore branch. James McCulloch refused to pay that tax and was convicted. The court overturned the case. It wasthe first time the court upheld the implied powers.
the powers that both the National Government and the States possess and exercise
concurrent powers
an act directing the people of the territory to frame a proposed state constitution
enabling act
the societal problems that the nation's political leaders and the general public agree need government attention
public agenda
those attitudes held by a significant number of people on matters of government and politics
public opinion
Why are polls taken?
to collect information by asking questions
What type of power is the power to coin money?
expressed
Where do local governments derive their power from?
the State
What does the universe describe?
the whole population that the poll aims to measure
Where are young children likely to aquire their values from?
family, schools, mass media
the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government
constitution
the power to execute, enorce, and administer law
executive power
a centralized government in which all powersheld by the government belong to a single, central agency
unitary government
a form of government in which the executive branch ismade up of the prime minister, or premier, and that official's cabinet
parliamentary government
a form of government in which the executive and legislative branches of the government are separate, independent of one another, and coequal
presidential government
the power to make law and to frame public policies
legislative power
each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks (restraints) by the other branches; each branch has certain powers with which it can check the operations of the other two
checks and balances
the first ten amendments to the Constitution which set out the Constitutional guarantees of freedom of belief and expression, of freedom and security of the person, and of fair and equal treatment before the law
bill of rights
What does the universe describe?
the whole population that the poll aims to measure
Where are young children likely to aquire their values from?
family, schools, mass media
the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government
constitution
the power to execute, enorce, and administer law
executive power
a centralized government in which all powersheld by the government belong to a single, central agency
unitary government
a form of government in which the executive branch ismade up of the prime minister, or premier, and that official's cabinet
parliamentary government
a form of government in which the executive and legislative branches of the government are separate, independent of one another, and coequal
presidential government
the power to make law and to frame public policies
legislative power
each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks (restraints) by the other branches; each branch has certain powers with which it can check the operations of the other two
checks and balances
the first ten amendments to the Constitution which set out the Constitutional guarantees of freedom of belief and expression, of freedom and security of the person, and of fair and equal treatment before the law
bill of rights
a pact made by the President directly with the head of foreign state
executive agreement
charges or additions that become part of the written language of the Constitution itself
formal amendment
the power of courts to determine whether what government does is in accord with what the Constitution provides
judicial review
to declare illegal, null and void, of no force and effect
unconstitutional
a unit into which cities are often divided for the election of city council members
ward
the people eligible to vote
electorate
one of the many political parties without wide voter support in this country
minor party
the largest number of votes cast for the office
plurality
a group of persons who seek to control government through the winning of elections and the holding of public office
political party
voting for candidates of different parties for different offices at the same election
split-ticket voting
minor parties that have splint away from one of the major parties
splinter parties
in American politices, the Republican and the Democratic parties
major party
the two major parties find common ground and work together here
bipartisan
the loyalty of people to a particular political party
party identification
the practice of voting for candidates of only one party in an election
straight-ticket voting
the right to vote
franchise
the prior approval by the Justice Department of changes to or new election lawsby certain States
preclerance
a person's ability to read or write
literacy
persons living in the State for only a short time, without legal residence
transient
the process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions
political socialization
the naming of those who seek office
nomination
a strong candidate running for an office at the top of the ballot helps attract voters to other candidates on the party's ticket
coattail effect
a primary in which the top two vote-getters in the first direct primary face one another
runoff primary
the place where the voters who live in a precinct actually vote
polling place
a voting process in which voters receive a long ballot containing the names of all contenders, regardless of party, and can vote however they choose
blanket primary
a party's nominating election in which only declared party members can vote
closed primary
regularly scheduled elections at which voters make the final selection of officeholders
general election
a party's nominating election in which any qualified voter can cast a ballot
open primary
elections in which candidates are not identified by their party labels
nonpartisan election
the political arms of special-interest and other organizations with a stake in electoral politics
political action committee (PAC)
devices that attempt to collect information by asking people questions
public opinion poll
any person who, for any reason, has an unusally strong influence on the views of others
opinion leader
those attitudes held by a significant number of people on matters of government and politics
public opinion
a sample deliberately constructed to reflect several of the major characteristics of a given universe
quota sample
a sample in which each member of the universe and each geographic area within it have a mathematically equal chance of being included
random sample
the instructions or commands a constituency gives to its elected officials
mandate
those means of communication that reach large, widely dispersed audiences simultaneously, and includes newpapers, magazines, radio, the Internet, and television
mass media
snappy reports that can by aired in 30 or 45 seconds
sound bite