Urinary System Portion Review Of Final

Front 1

Trace the bloody supply of the kidney from renal artery to nephrons

Back 1

Renal arteries -> Segmental arteries -> Interlobar arteries -> Arcuate arteries -> Cortical Radiate arteries -> Afferent arterioles

RSI ACA

Front 2

Trace the blood supply of the kidney within the nephron.

Back 2

Glomerus -> Efferent arteriole -> Pertubular capillaries

Front 3

Trace the blood supply of the kidney from the nephrons to the renal vein.

Back 3

Pertubular capillaries -> Venules -> Cortical radiate veins -> Arcuate Veins -> Interlobar veins -> Renal vein

PVC AIR

Front 4

What type of epithelial tissue covers the proximal tube?

Back 4

Simple Cubodial cells with microvilli

Front 5

What type of epithelial tissue covers the descending loop of Henle?

Back 5

Simple Squamous or Low cuboidal cells

Front 6

What type of epithelial tissue covers the ascending loop of Henle?

Back 6

Simple Squamous or Low cuboidal cells

Front 7

What type of epithelial tissue covers the distal tubule?

Back 7

Cuboidal cells with few microvilli

Front 8

What type of epithelial tissue covers the collecting duct?

Back 8

Cuboidal to columnar cells

Front 9

What type of epithelial tissue covers the papillary duct?

Back 9

Columnar cells

Front 10

What forces filtrates to move across the filtration membrane?

Back 10

Pressure difference

Front 11

Where does 80% of reabsorption happen?

Back 11

It happens in the proximal tubules and the descending loop of henle

Front 12

In what part of the nephron is reabsorption regulated?

Back 12

In the distal tubules and collecting ducts.

Front 13

What is the filtration membrane?

Back 13

The filtration membrane is a barrier. It prevents blood cells and proteins from entering lumen of Bowman's capsule, but is many times more permeable than typical capillary.

Front 14

How do you calculate filtration pressure?

Back 14

Filtration pressure = GCP (Glomerular Capillary Pressure) - CP (Capsule Pressure) - BCOP (Clood Colloid Osmotic Pressure)

Front 15

What is glomerular capillary pressure (GCP)?

Back 15

Blood pressure inside capillary tend to move fluid out of capillary into Bowman's capsule.

Front 16

What capsule pressure (CP)?

Back 16

Pressure of filtrate already in the lumen

Front 17

What is blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)?

Back 17

Osmotic pressure caused by proteins in blood. Favors fluid movement into the capillary from the lumen. BCOP is greater at the end of glomerular capillary than at beginning because of fluid leaving capillary and entering lumen.

Front 18

Where does tubule secretion occur?

Back 18

Secretion only takes place at the proximal and distal tubules.

Front 19

What is ADH?

Back 19

ADH, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), increases the permeability of distal tubules and collecting ducts to water (water is reabsorbed resulting in low urine volume).

Front 20

What secretes ADH?

Back 20

ADH is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland.

Front 21

What would happen if ADH was not secreted?

Back 21

Insufficient ADH secretion results in diabetes insipidus

Front 22

If there is too much ADH secreted, what happens?

Back 22

High blood pressure.

Front 23

What is aldosterone?

Back 23

Aldosterone stimulates the conservation of sodium ions and the elimination of potassium ions. Aldosterone secretion occurs in response to a drop in blood Na+content, blood volume, or blood pressure, or to a rise in blood K+ concentration.

Front 24

What is atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)?

Back 24

Hormones released by specialized cardiocytes when they are stretched by an abnormally large venous return; promotesfluid loss and reductions in blood pressure and invenous return. Includes atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).

Front 25

What is the epithelium lining of the ureters?

Back 25

It is lined by transitional epithelium.

Front 26

Decreased blood colloid osmotic pressure affects renal function by

Back 26

Increasing net filtration rate