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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the different parts of the urinary system?
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Kidneys, ureter, bladder and urethra.
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Micturation
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the process of emptying the bladder. Voiding or urination.
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When/how does a person feel a desire to void?
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When the bladder is filled to about 200 to 300 mL (in an adult), stretch receptors in the bladder are stimulated. This creates the desire to void.
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urinary incontinence
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Any involuntary loss of urine
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urinary retention
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when urine is produced, but is not excreted completely from the bladder.
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enuresis
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involuntary urination that occurs after an age when continence should be present. Is common in little boys.
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effects of aging on bladder
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~decreased bladder muscle tone leads to reduced capacity of bladder.
~nocturia. ~less concentrated urine. ~urine retention & stasis |
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diuretics
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prevent the re-absorption of water and electrolytes. Ex. coffee.
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drugs that change urine color
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~anticoagulants cause hematuria
~diuretics lighten urine ~Pyridium causes orange or orange-red urine ~Levadopa (for parkinsons) lead to brown or black urine. |
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Nursing assessment of urine
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color, odor, amount, frequency
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anuria
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24-hour urine output is less than 100 mL. Kidney shutdown or renal failure.
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Dysuria
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difficulty or pain in voiding.
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glycosuria
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presence of sugar in urine
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nocturia
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frequent urination during the night.
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oliguria
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scanty or greatly diminished amount of urine voided in a given time. 24-hour urine output is 100-400 mL
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polyuria
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excessive amount of urine output
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pyuria
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pus in the urine. urine appears cloudy
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normal range of specific gravity
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1.010 to 1.025
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Functional urinary incontinence
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altered environment. sensory, cognitive or mobility deficits.
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Reflex urinary incontinence
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Neurologic impairment
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Stress urinary incontinence
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age related, weak pelvic muscles. Incidents are caused by coughing, sudden movement, sneezing and laughter.
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IVP
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Intravenous pyelography: radiographic examination of the kidney and ureter after a contrast material is injected intravenously.
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Retrograde Pyelography
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radiographic examination of the kidney and ureters after a contrast material is injected indto the renal pelvis through the ureter.
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Kegel exercises
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AKA PFMT, targets the toning and strengthening of inner muscles (under bladder) that support bladder.
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