Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the most common cause of bacterial community acquired pneumonia?
|
streptococcus pneumoniae
|
|
|
a 18 year old walks into the clinic with a hx for a chronic cough and mild fever. chest x-ray shows lots of interstitial infiltrates. what is the most likely cause of his pneumonia?
|
mycoplasma pneumoniae
|
|
|
what is the most common viral cause of community acquired pneumonia?
|
influenza A
|
|
|
what is antigenic drift? what does it cause?
|
- minor changes in the viral genome
- epidemics |
|
|
what is antigenic shift? what does it cause?
|
- major changes in the viral genome
- pandemics |
|
|
who is most likely to be infected with influenza? who is most likely to die from influenza?
|
- children
- adults |
|
|
what is Reye's syndrome?
|
post-infectious encephalopathy due to aspirin use during viral infections
|
|
|
what causes adenoconjuctivitis?
|
adenovirus; a DNA virus
|
|
|
who gets adenoconjunctivitis?
|
people who live in crowded places; schools, military recruits, prisons
|
|
|
what is the pathogenesis of adenoconjunctivitis?
|
- day 1 = sore throat
- day 2 = eyes are red - day 3 = cannot open eyes because they have rubbed the infection into the eye |
|
|
how do we treat adenoconjunctivitis?
|
this is a self-limiting disease but we watch it for secondary bacterial infections
|
|
|
T or F: if the rapid strep test comes back negative we can rule out GAS infection.
|
false
|
|
|
how do we treat GAS? how do we treat recurrent GAS?
|
- penicillin V
- erythromycin |
|
|
who gets epiglottitis? what is the cause? what are the symptoms?
|
- children > 2 y/o
- Hemophilus influenzae - the 4 D's - dysphagia - dysphonia - drooling - distress |
|
|
what is croup?
|
an URI that causes swelling of the larynx resulting in the characteristic barking cough; can be viral or bacterial
|
|
|
what are the bacterial causes of sinusitis? how do we treat them?
|
- S. pneumoniae (1) & H. influenzae
- amoxicillin works for both |
|
|
what is chronic sinusitis?
|
symptoms of sinusitis > 3 months
|
|
|
what causes typical pneumonia? what causes atypical pneumonia?
|
- S. pneumoniae
- mycoplasma and legionella |
|
|
what are the cause in order from most common to least common of community acquired pneuomia?
|
1. S. pneumoniae
2. H, influenzae 3. K. pneumoniae 4. P. aeruginosa 5. S. aureus |
|
|
what are the causes in order from most common to least common of nosocomial pneumonia?
|
1. S. aureus
2. P. aeruginosa 3. K. pneumoniae 4. H. influenzae 5. S. pneumoniae |
|
|
what will a good sputum sample have?
|
less than 10 squamous epithelial cells per low power field
|
|
|
who gets mycoplasma? who gets legionella?
|
- young people who live in crowded areas
- older people especially those who are around air conditioners, cooling towers, etc. |
|
|
how do we treat mycoplasma?
|
macrolides
|
|
|
what is the definition of nosocomial pneumonia?
|
pneumonia occurring > 48 hours after admission and excluding any infection that is incubating at the time of admission
|
|
|
what is the strongest predisposing factor to developing nosocomial pneumonia?
|
intubation
|
|
|
where will aspiration pneumonia always occur?
|
right bronchus in the posterior
|
|
|
what is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)? what causes it?
|
- a new form of atypical pneumonia
- corona virus |
