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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

The bones that make up the shoulder?

Sternum, clavicle, scapula, humerus

Parts of the sternum, and its articulations

Manubrium, body, xiphoid process. Manubrium articulates with the clavicle creating the sternoclavicular joint.


The body is the interior attachment for ribs two through seven.

What two joints form at the clavicle?

The sternoclavicular joint( SC), and the acromioclavicular joint(AC)

Name of the "Joint" formed by the scapula and the ribs

Scapulothoracic articulation

What is the only bony attachment of the shoulder to the trunk?

The sternoclavicular joint. The manubrium attaching to the clavicle

Sternoclavicular joint characteristics (joint type, degrees of freedom, etc.)

Saddle joint


3° of freedom


Synovial joint and articulating disc

Movements at the SC joint

Slight axial rotation, elevation and depression, anterior to posterior glide

Movements of scapulothoracic joint

Elevation and depression


Protraction/ retraction


Upward/downward rotation


Tilting

Acromioclavicular joint characteristics (type of joint, movement etc.)

Gliding plane joint


Synovial


Very stable

Acromioclavicular movements:

Upward and downward rotation


Rotation in the frontal plane (internal and external)


Anterior and posterior tilting

What is the primary stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint?

The muscles

How is the glenohumeral joint fossa positioned?

Anterior, lateral, upward direction. Head goes in at an angle

What are the rotator cuff muscles? Where do they all insert?

Supraspinatous


Infraspinatous


Subscapularis


Teres minor



All insert on greater or lessor tubercle

What is the strongest mover of the shoulder?

Deltoid

What is the function of the glenoid labrum?

The glenoid cavity is very shallow, the labrum surrounds it. It deepens the socket and seals the joint. Adds stability.

What is an extension of the glenoid labrum?

The long head of the biceps.

What is bursa?

Saks between two bony structures in the body, reduces friction

How is the scapula positioned for shoulder stability?

Slight upward rotation.

Kinematics of the Glenohumeral joint ( 4)

IR/ ER


Flexion/extension


horizontal abduction/ adduction


Abduction/addduction

How many degrees of flexion and extension at the glenohumeral joint?

180° of flexion, 60° of hyper extension. (Flexion equals 120° of GH +60° upward rotation of scapula)



NO ROLE AND SLIDE! HUMERAL HEAD SPINS!

Glenohumeral abduction/adduction ( degrees)

180° possible


120° at GH, 60° upward rotation of scapula


ROLL WITH GLIDE


No glide equals impingement

What is Scaption?

About 30 to 35° horizontal adduction from the frontal plane. Considered a scapular plane. Best movement and least impingement in this position

Scapulothoracic joint elevators:

Upper traps, levator scapulae, rhomboids

Scapulothoracic joint depressors

Lower trap, lat dorci, Pec minor, subclavius

Scapulothoracic joint upward rotators:

Forced couple


Upper traps, lower traps, Serratus anterior

What muscle weakness causes a winged scapula?

Serratus anterior

Scapular downward rotators:

Force couple


Levator scapulae, rhomboid's, pec minor

Scapular retractors:

Middle traps


Rhomboid major

Primary glenohumeral joint abductors

Supraspinatous


Deltoid

Primary glenohumeral joint flexors

Anterior Deltoid, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, pec major( only clavicular portion)

Primary glenohumeral joint adductors

Teres major


Lat dorci


Sternal portion of pec major

Primary glenohumeral joint extensors

Lat dorci


Teres major


Pec major


Posterior deltoid


Long head of triceps

Internal rotators of glenohumeral joint

Pec major, teres major, lats, anterior deltoid, subscapularis

External rotators of glenohumeral joint

Posterior deltoid


Teres minor


Infraspinatus

How does the rotator cuff help stabilize?

Supraspinatous provides compressive force


Other three provide inferiorly directed force

What is it called when the scapula and humerus work together?

Scapulohumeral rhythm

Scapulohumeral rhythm

A natural 2 to 1 ratio between the glenohumeral joint and the scapulothoracic joint