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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The bones that make up the shoulder? |
Sternum, clavicle, scapula, humerus |
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Parts of the sternum, and its articulations |
Manubrium, body, xiphoid process. Manubrium articulates with the clavicle creating the sternoclavicular joint. The body is the interior attachment for ribs two through seven. |
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What two joints form at the clavicle? |
The sternoclavicular joint( SC), and the acromioclavicular joint(AC) |
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Name of the "Joint" formed by the scapula and the ribs |
Scapulothoracic articulation |
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What is the only bony attachment of the shoulder to the trunk? |
The sternoclavicular joint. The manubrium attaching to the clavicle |
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Sternoclavicular joint characteristics (joint type, degrees of freedom, etc.) |
Saddle joint 3° of freedom Synovial joint and articulating disc |
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Movements at the SC joint |
Slight axial rotation, elevation and depression, anterior to posterior glide |
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Movements of scapulothoracic joint |
Elevation and depression Protraction/ retraction Upward/downward rotation Tilting |
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Acromioclavicular joint characteristics (type of joint, movement etc.) |
Gliding plane joint Synovial Very stable |
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Acromioclavicular movements: |
Upward and downward rotation Rotation in the frontal plane (internal and external) Anterior and posterior tilting |
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What is the primary stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint? |
The muscles |
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How is the glenohumeral joint fossa positioned? |
Anterior, lateral, upward direction. Head goes in at an angle |
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What are the rotator cuff muscles? Where do they all insert? |
Supraspinatous Infraspinatous Subscapularis Teres minor
All insert on greater or lessor tubercle |
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What is the strongest mover of the shoulder? |
Deltoid |
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What is the function of the glenoid labrum? |
The glenoid cavity is very shallow, the labrum surrounds it. It deepens the socket and seals the joint. Adds stability. |
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What is an extension of the glenoid labrum? |
The long head of the biceps. |
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What is bursa? |
Saks between two bony structures in the body, reduces friction |
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How is the scapula positioned for shoulder stability? |
Slight upward rotation. |
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Kinematics of the Glenohumeral joint ( 4) |
IR/ ER Flexion/extension horizontal abduction/ adduction Abduction/addduction |
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How many degrees of flexion and extension at the glenohumeral joint? |
180° of flexion, 60° of hyper extension. (Flexion equals 120° of GH +60° upward rotation of scapula)
NO ROLE AND SLIDE! HUMERAL HEAD SPINS! |
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Glenohumeral abduction/adduction ( degrees) |
180° possible 120° at GH, 60° upward rotation of scapula ROLL WITH GLIDE No glide equals impingement |
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What is Scaption? |
About 30 to 35° horizontal adduction from the frontal plane. Considered a scapular plane. Best movement and least impingement in this position |
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Scapulothoracic joint elevators: |
Upper traps, levator scapulae, rhomboids |
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Scapulothoracic joint depressors |
Lower trap, lat dorci, Pec minor, subclavius |
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Scapulothoracic joint upward rotators: |
Forced couple Upper traps, lower traps, Serratus anterior |
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What muscle weakness causes a winged scapula? |
Serratus anterior |
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Scapular downward rotators: |
Force couple Levator scapulae, rhomboid's, pec minor |
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Scapular retractors: |
Middle traps Rhomboid major |
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Primary glenohumeral joint abductors |
Supraspinatous Deltoid |
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Primary glenohumeral joint flexors |
Anterior Deltoid, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, pec major( only clavicular portion) |
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Primary glenohumeral joint adductors |
Teres major Lat dorci Sternal portion of pec major |
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Primary glenohumeral joint extensors |
Lat dorci Teres major Pec major Posterior deltoid Long head of triceps |
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Internal rotators of glenohumeral joint |
Pec major, teres major, lats, anterior deltoid, subscapularis |
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External rotators of glenohumeral joint |
Posterior deltoid Teres minor Infraspinatus |
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How does the rotator cuff help stabilize? |
Supraspinatous provides compressive force Other three provide inferiorly directed force |
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What is it called when the scapula and humerus work together? |
Scapulohumeral rhythm |
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Scapulohumeral rhythm |
A natural 2 to 1 ratio between the glenohumeral joint and the scapulothoracic joint |