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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pectoralis Major |
O: Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle Sternoclavicular: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle I: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus N: Peripheral - lateral & medial pectoral nerve A: adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly and interiorly; acting alone, clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position |
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Pectoralis Minor |
O: 3rd-5th ribs near costal cartilages I: Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula N: Medial and lateral pectoral nerve A: stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall |
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Subclavius |
O: Junction of 1st rib and costal cartilage I: Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle N: Nerve to subclavius A: Anchors and depresses clavicle |
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Serratus Anterior (w/ segmental) |
O: External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula N: Long thoracic nerve (peripheral) & C5, C6, C7 (segmental) A: Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula |
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Trapezius |
O: Medial third of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligaments; spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae I: Lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula N: Spinal accessory and C3, C4 spinal nerves A: Descending parts elevates; ascending part depresses; and middle part (or all parts together) retracts scapula; descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly
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Latissimus Dorsi (w/ segmental) |
O: Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae (T6-T12), thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs I: Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus N: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8) A: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing |
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Levator Scapulae |
O: Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae I: Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine N: Dorsal scapular and cervical A: Elevates scapula and rotates its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
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Rhomboid (minor and major) |
O: Min - nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae & Major - spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae I: Min - smooth triangular area at medial end of scapular nerve & Major - medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle N: Dorsal scapular nerve A: retract scapula and rotate its glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic wall |
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Deltoid (w/ segmental) |
O: Lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus N: Axillary nerve & C5, C6 A: Clavicular - flexes and medially rotated arm & acromial - abducts arm & Spinal - extends and laterally rotates arm |
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Supraspinatus (w/ segmental) |
O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula I: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus N: Suprascapular & C5, C6 A: Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles |
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Infraspinatus (w/ segmental) |
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula I: Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus N: Suprascapular nerve (C5 & C6) A: Laterally rotate arm and acts with rotator cuff of muscles |
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Teres Minor (w/ segmental) |
O: Middle part of lateral border of scapula I: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus N: Axillary nerve (C5 & C6) A: Laterally rotates arm; and acts with rotator cuff muscles |
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Teres Major |
O: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula I: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus N: Lower subscapular nerve A: Adducts and medially rotates arm |
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Subscapularis |
O: Subscapular fossa (most of anterior surface of scapula) I: Lesser tubercle of humerus N: Upper and lower subscapular nerves A: Medially rotates arm; as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity |
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Biceps Brachii (w/ segmental) |
O: SH - top of coracoid process of scapula/ LH - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula I: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis N: Musculocutaneous (C5, C6, & C7) A: Supinates forearm and when it is supine; flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder |
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Coracobrachialis |
O: Tip of coracoid process of scapula I: Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humerus N: Musculocutaneous Nerve A: Helps flex and adduct arm; resists dislocation of shoulder |
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Bicep Brachii |
O: SH- tip of corocoid process of scapula LH- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula I: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via biceptial aponeurosis N: Musculocutaneous A: Supinates forearm, when it is supine, flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder |
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Triceps brachii (w/ segmental) |
O: LH - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Lat Head - posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove; Med head - posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove I: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm N: Radial nerve (C6, C7, & C8) A: Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus; especially important during adduction |
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Anconeus |
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus I: Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna N: Radial Nerve A: Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; may abduct ulna during pronation |
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Pronator Teres |
O: Ulnar head - coronoid process; Humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) I: Middle convexity of lateral surface of radius N: Median nerve A: Pronates and flexes forearm (at elbow)
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Flexor Carpi Radialis |
O: Medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) I: Base of 2nd metacarpal N: Median nerve A: Flexes and abducts hand (at wrist) |
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Palmaris Longus |
O: Medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) I: Distal half of flexor retinaculum and apex of palmar aponeurosis N: Median nerve A: Flexes hand (at wrist) and tenses palmar aponeurosis |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
O: Humeral - medial epicondyle of humerus (common flexor origin) Ulnar - Olecranon and posterior border of ulna (via aponeurosis) I: Pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal N: Ulnar nerve A: Flexes and adducts hand (at wrist) |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (w/ segmental) |
O: Humero-ulnar - medial epicondyle (common flexor origin and coronoid process) Radial - superior half of anterior border I: Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits N: Median nerve (C7, C8, & T1) A: Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints of middle four digits; acting more strongly, it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints |
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Flexor Digitorum Profundis (w/ segmental) |
O: Proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane I: Medial - bases of distal phalanges of 4th and 5th digits; Lateral - Bases of distal phalanges of 2nd and 3rd digits N: Medial - Ulnar; Lateral - Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve (C8 & T1) |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus |
O: Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb N: Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve A: Flexes phalanges of 1st digit (thumb) |
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Pronator Quadratus |
O: Distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna I: Distal quarter of anterior surface of radius N: Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve A: Pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together |
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Brachioradialis (w/ segmental) |
O: Proximal 2/3 of supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus I: Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process N: Radial nerve (C5, C6, & C7) A: Relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronated position |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (w/ segmental) |
O: Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus I: Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal N: Radial nerve (C6 & C7) A: Extend and abduct hand at the wrist joint; active during fist clenching |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (w/ segmental) |
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin) I: Dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal N: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7 & C8) A: Extend and abduct hand at wrist joint |
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Extensor Digitorum (w/ segmental) |
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor origin) I: Extensor expansions of medial four digits N: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7 & C8) A: Extends medial four digits primarily at metacarpophalangeal joints, secondarily at interphalangeal joints |
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Extensor Digiti Minimi |
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus ( common extensor origin) I: Extensor expansion of 5th digit N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Extends 5th digit primarily at metacarpophalangeal joint, secondarily at interphalangeal joint |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris |
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior border of ulna via a shared aponeurosis I: Dorsal aspect of 5th metacarpal N: Deep branch of radial nerve A: Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint (also active during fist clenching) |
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Supinator (w/ segmental) |
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; radial collateral and angular ligaments; supinator fossa; crest of ulna I: Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius N: Deep branch of radial nerve (C7 & C8) A: Supinates forearm; rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed) |
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Extensor Indicis |
O: Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane I: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit N: Posterior interosseous nerve; continuation of deep branch of radial nerve A: Extend 2nd digit (enabling its independent extension); helps extend hand at wrist |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus |
O: Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane I: Base of 1st metacarpal N: Posterior interosseous nerve; continuation of deep branch of radial nerve A: Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus |
O: Posterior surface of middle 1/3 ulna and interosseous membrane I: Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb N: Posterior interosseous nerve; continuation of radial nerve A: Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint; extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints |
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis |
O: Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane I: Dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Posterior interosseous nerve; continuation of deep branch of radial nerve A: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint; extends carpometacarpal joint |
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Opponens Pollicis (w/ segmental) |
O: Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium I: Lateral side of 1st metacarpal N: Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 & T1) A: To oppose thumb, it draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially |
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis (w/ segmental) |
O: Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium I: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 & T1) A: Abducts thumb, help opposes it |
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis |
O: Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium I: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Superficial - Recurrent branch of median nerve (C8 & T1) Deep - Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 & T1) A: Flexes thumb |
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Adductor Pollicis |
O: Oblique - Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals; Transverse - Anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal I: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve A: Adducts thumb toward lateral border of thumb |
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Abductor Digit Minimi |
O: Pisiform I: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve A: Abducts 5th digit; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx |
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis |
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum I: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve A: Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit |
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Opponens Digiti |
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum I: Medial border of 5th metacarpal N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve A: Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb |
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1st and 2nd Lumbricals (w/ segmental) |
O: Lateral two tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (as unipennate muscles) I: Lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th digits N: Median nerves (C8 & T1) A: Flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits |
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3rd and 4th Lumbricals (w/ segmental) |
O: Medial three tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (as bipinnate muscles) I: Lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th digits N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 & T1) A: Flex metacarpophalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits |
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Dorsal Interossei 1st-4th (w/ segmental) |
O: Adjacent sides of two metacarpals (as bipinnate muscles) I: Bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 & T1) A: Abduct 2nd-4th digits from axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints |
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Palmar Interossei 1st-3rd (w/ segmental) |
O: Palmer surfaces of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals (as unipennate muscles) I: Bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits N: Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 & T1) A: Adduct 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits toward axial line; assist lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints; extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits |
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Tricep Brachii |
O: Long H- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula LH- posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove MH- posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove I: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm NI: Radial (C6, C7, C8) A: Forearm extensor; Long head resists dislocation of humerus; especially important during abduction |
