Unix

Front 1

change password

Back 1

passwd

Front 2

list directories

Back 2

ls

Front 3

change directories
(moving to another directory)

Back 3

cd

Front 4

cd ..

Back 4

move up one level (to parent dir)

Front 5

to return to home directory from anywhere in system

Back 5

cd

Front 6

find yourself - "p__"
(lists current directory your're in)

Back 6

pwd (print working directory)

Front 7

connect output of one to input of another command with " "

Back 7

|

Front 8

connecting output of one to input of another command is called

Back 8

piping

Front 9

use " " for one letter or number (wildcard search)

Back 9

?

Front 10

one way to view file contents
is w/ "m___" command

Back 10

more

Front 11

with "m___" command
file info is displayed on screen
1page at a time

Back 11

more

Front 12

in "more" command, press
" " to view next page

Back 12

spacebar

Front 13

when done with "more", press
" " to go back to shell prompt

Back 13

Q

Front 14

in "more" command, press "E__ "
to see next line

Back 14

Enter

Front 15

" " command used to display contents of file on screen

Back 15

cat

Front 16

you can also redirect one or more files with the "c__" command
some versions of "more" do not

Back 16

cat

Front 17

in "cat" redirect output with
" " symbol

Back 17

>

Front 18

Home directories can also be referred to by the " " character

Back 18

~

Front 19

" " can be used to specify paths starting at your home directory

Back 19

~

Front 20

ls ~/unixstuff

will ...

Back 20

will list the contents of your unixstuff directory, no matter your current location

Front 21

list all files & directories,
ls " "

Back 21

ls -a

Front 22

cd

Back 22

change to home dir

Front 23

cd ..

Back 23

change to parent dir

Front 24

cd ~

Back 24

change to home dir

Front 25

cd .

Back 25

stay in current directory

Front 26

cp file1 file2

Back 26

copies file1 in current dir
& calls it file2

Front 27

cp /vol/examples/tutorial/science.txt .

Back 27

copy science.txt into current dir

Front 28

mv file1 file2

Back 28

moves (or renames) file1 to file2

Front 29

cd " " (another way to change to home dir)

Back 29

~

Front 30

cd means

Back 30

change dir

Front 31

make a dir with " "

Back 31

mkdir

Front 32

To delete (remove) a file, use the " " command

Back 32

rm

Front 33

You can use the " " command to remove a directory

Back 33

rmdir

Front 34

make sure dir is empty before using " " to remove it

Back 34

rmdir

Front 35

At the prompt, type " " to clear screen

Back 35

clear

Front 36

cat means

Back 36

concatenate

Front 37

the "l " command writes the contents of a file onto the screen a page at a time

Back 37

less

Front 38

in "less" command press " "
for next page

Back 38

space bar

Front 39

to quit when in "less" command
press " "

Back 39

q

Front 40

" " command writes the first ten lines of a file to the screen

Back 40

head

Front 41

" " command writes the last ten lines of a file to the screen

Back 41

tail

Front 42

to search a word within "less" command type " " then the word

Back 42

/

Front 43

the name " " comes from the ed command " "

Back 43

grep, g/re/p (global / regular expression / print).

Front 44

"g__ " searches files for specified words or patterns

Back 44

grep
ex. grep science science.txt

Front 45

grep command is case " "

Back 45

sensitive

Front 46

in grep, To ignore upper/lower case distinctions, use the " " option

Back 46

-i

Front 47

grep - search for phrase or pattern, enclose it in " " quotes

Back 47

single

Front 48

grep - " " option displays those lines that do NOT match

Back 48

-v

Front 49

grep - " " precede each matching line with the line number

Back 49

-n

Front 50

grep - " " print only the total count of matched lines

Back 50

-c

Front 51

word count command

Back 51

wc

Front 52

in "wc" to count words use " " option

Back 52

-w

Front 53

in "wc" to count lines use " " option

Back 53

-l
ex. wc -l science.txt

Front 54

UNIX will not let you remove a non-empty directory with " "

Back 54

rmdir

Front 55

typing "cat"
then typing something
then ending with ctrl d (end of file)

Back 55

typed info is shown on screen

Front 56

cat >> filename
" " standard output to a file

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appends

Front 57

cat list1 list2 > biglist

Back 57

joins both into file "biglist"

Front 58

use the " " symbol to redirect the input of a command.

Back 58

<

Front 59

The command " " alphabetically or numerically sorts a list

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sort

Front 60

Using < you can redirect the input to come from a file rather than the "k..."

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keyboard

Front 61

sort < biglist

Back 61

sorts the list received from file

Front 62

To see who is on the system with you, type " "

Back 62

who

Front 63

instead of this
who > names.txt
sort < names.txt , do this ...

Back 63

who | sort

Front 64

To find out how many users are logged on, type " "

Back 64

who | wc -1

Front 65

" " = wildcard - it will match against none or more character(s) in a filename or directoryname

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*

Front 66

a directory is merely a special type of " "

Back 66

FILE

Front 67

the rules and conventions for naming files apply also to " "

Back 67

DIRECTORIES

Front 68

EX. whatis wc

Back 68

GIVES 1 LINE DESCR OF
WC

Front 69

EX. man wc

Back 69

BRINGS UP MANUAL PAGE FOR
WC

Front 70

WHEN NOT SURE OF COMMAND NAME YOU'RE SEARCHING IN MAN PGS TYPE " " THEN NAME

Back 70

apropos

Front 71

ls -l - USE THIS FOR " " LISTING

Back 71

LONG

Front 72

ls -lg - gives additional info as to which " " owns the file

Back 72

group

Front 73

SYMBOLS FOR CHMOD
U,G,O,A, - MEAN?

Back 73

USER, GROUP, OTHER, ALL

Front 74

SYMBOLS FOR CHMOD
R,W,X - MEAN?

Back 74

READ, WRITE, EXECUTE

Front 75

CHMOD =

Back 75

changing a file mode

Front 76

Only " " of a file can use chmod to change the permissions of a file

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owner

Front 77

to add or take away file permission
in CHMOD use...

Back 77

+ , -

Front 78

chmod a+rw biglist, =

Back 78

give read and write permissions on the file biglist