United States History: Chapter 16

Front 1

4 vexing problems

Back 1

1. Who would rule the south?
2. Who would rule the Federal government: congress or the president?
3. What was the definition of black freedom?
4. Would it be a remake of the old or a reinvention of a new republic?

Front 2

Lincoln's 10% plan

Back 2

as soon as 10% of the voting population in a given state had taken an oath to the United States & established a government, they could be recognized as new states.

Front 3

Wade Davis Bill

Back 3

1. It demanded a "majority" of white male citizens in the creation of a new gov.
2. To vote men had to take an "iron-clad" oath that said they never aided in the confederate war effort.
3. all officers above the lieutenant rank and all civil officials would be disfranchised and not US citizens.

Front 4

Confederate states were to be defined as...

Back 4

"conquered enemies"

Front 5

"Wade Davis Manifesto"

Back 5

unprecedented attack on a sitting president by members of his own party.
Accused him of usurpation of presidential powers and leniency toward an eventually conquered South.

Front 6

Lincoln's view on Reconstruction:

Back 6

A means of weakening the confederacy and winning the war

Front 7

the Radical's view on Reconstruction:

Back 7

a longer-term transformation of the political and racial order of the country.

Front 8

Andrew Johnson's view on reconstruction:

Back 8

"The constitution as it is, and the Union as it was"

Front 9

Thirteenth Amendment
(January 31, 1865)

Back 9

1. abolished involuntary servitude everywhere in the US
2. declared Congress to have the power to enforce this by "appropriate legislation."
---passed by 119 to 56

Front 10

The 14th Amendment

Back 10

1. Citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States"
2. Prohibited states from abridging their constitutional "privileges and immunities"
3. Barred any state from taking a person's life, liberty or property "without due process of law"
4. Kept people from denying "equal protection of the laws."
5. Barred Confederate leaders from holding state and federal office.
6. Specified male votes ignoring females.

Front 11

The 15th Amendment
(1869)

Back 11

Gave voting rights to everyone, regardless of color, race or previous condition of servitude.
--left out women, immigrants and illiterates and the poor.

Front 12

Freedmen's Bureau
(Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands)

Back 12

-Existed for 4 years
-Supplied food & medical supplies, schools, negotiated employment contracts and manage confiscated land.
-Whites hated it
-politicians divided over it

Front 13

What freed men and women most wanted:

Back 13

1. A fair employer
2. Ownership of land
3. Education
4. Churches

Front 14

Andrew Johnson

Back 14

-Lincoln's predecessor
-Champion of the common man
-opposed secession

Front 15

What did congress feel gave them the right to devise policies for Reconstruction?

Back 15

The constitution said that congress is the primary role in the admission of states and shall guarantee each state a "republican form of government"

Front 16

Radical Republicans

Back 16

Democratize the South, establish public education, and ensure the rights of the freedpeople.

Front 17

Northern Democrats

Back 17

Denounced any idea of racial equality and supported Johnson's policies.

Front 18

Conservative Republicans

Back 18

Favored a limited federal role in Reconstruction.

Front 19

The Moderates

Back 19

Committed to federalizing the enforcement of civil, if not political, rights for the freedman.
Opposed Johnson's leniency but wanted to restrain the Radicals.

Front 20

1866 modifications to Johnson's program:

Back 20

1. extension of the Freedmen's Bureau for another year .
2. Passage of a civil rights bill to counteract the black codes.

Front 21

Tenure of Office Act

Back 21

Gave the Senate power to approve changes in the president's cabinet.
Designed to protect Secretary of War Stanton who sympathized with the Radicals.
--Violated the law that a president controls appointments to his own cabinet.

Front 22

Election of 1868

Back 22

Ulysses S. Grant v Horatio Seymour

Front 23

Ways that whites stopped blacks from gaining control:

Back 23

1. Not telling their slaves that there was freedom.
2. Not letting them go free
3. Guardianship and apprentice laws to bind families to the farms.
4. Blocked blacks from acquiring land.
5. Violence against blacks who showed any form of independence. ("regulators")

Front 24

Amnesty Act
(1872)

Back 24

Pardoned most of the remaining rebels and left only five hundred barred from political office holding.

Front 25

Civil Rights Act
(1875)

Back 25

Partly as a tribute to Charles Sumner. Purporting to guarantee black people equal accommodations in public places, such as inns and theaters.

Front 26

Ex parte Milligan
(1866)

Back 26

Had plotted to free Confederate prisoners of war and overthrow state governments.

Front 27

Slaughter-House cases
(1869-1873)

Back 27

The Louisiana legislature granted one company a monopoly on the slaughtering of livestock in New Orleans.

Front 28

Bradwell v. Illinois
(1873)

Back 28

Myra Bradwell, a female attorney, had been denied the right to practice law in Illinois because she was a married woman and not considered a free agent.