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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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GENE |
A unit of a heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
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DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information. |
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NUCLEOTIDE |
A compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA. |
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PURINE |
A colorless crystalline compound with basic properties, forming uric acid on oxidation. a substituted derivative of this, especially the bases adenine and guanine present in DNA and RNA. |
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PYRIMIDINE |
A colorless crystalline compound with basic properties. a substituted derivative of this, especially the bases thymine and cytosine present in DNA. |
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DNA REPLICATION |
DNA Replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules. Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA as the parent cell. |
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DNA Helicase |
Helicases are enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes. There are DNA and RNA helicases.DNA helicases are essential during DNAreplication because they separate double-strandedDNAinto single strands allowing each strand to be copied. |
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RNA |
Ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information. |
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GENE EXPRESSION |
The appearance in a phenotype of a characteristic or effect attributed to a particular gene. the process by which possession of a gene leads to the appearance in the phenotype of the corresponding character. |
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TRANSCRIPTION |
A written or printed representation of something. the action or process of transcribing something. "the funding covers transcription of nearly illegible photocopies" an arrangement of a piece of music for a different instrument, voice, or number of these. |
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TRANSLATION |
The process of translating words or text from one language into another. |
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CODON |
A sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule. |
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MUTATION |
The action or process of mutating. |
