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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the pathophysiology of angina?
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Hypoxia of the myocardium because of an imbalance of coronary supply and myocardial demand.
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What is Levine's sign?
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Nonverbal sign classic for myocardial ischemia; clenched fist in front of sternum while describing the pain
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Where does the pain of typical angina radiate?
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Left arm
Neck Jaw Back Epigastrum |
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What is angina decubitus?
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Angina that wakes patient from sleep
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What are four terms for unstable angina?
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Preinfarction angina
Coronary insufficiency Crescendo angina Angina decubitus |
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What percentage of unstable angina patients have an MI and when?
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25% within 4 months
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Xanthomata is indicative of what condition?
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hypercholesterolemia
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Where are xanthomata located?
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Extensor tendons
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Splinter hemorrhages are associated with what condition?
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Subcute bacterial endocarditis
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Corneal opacities and sarcoidosis are associated with what condition?
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Right sided heart failure
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Conjunctival hemorrhages are associated with what heart condition?
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Infective endocarditis
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Petechiae on the palate are associated with what heart condition?
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Subacute bacterial endocarditis
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Hypertension in the right arm and hypotension in the left arm are due to what condition?
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Supravalvular aortic stenosis
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If the systolic BP is lower in the legs than the arms, what condition is present?
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Coarctation of the aorta
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What are the abnormal locations for JVP?
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more than 4 cm above sternal angle
more than 9 cm above right atrium |
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What are the causes of increased jugular pressure?
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Right sided heart failure
Constrictive pericarditis Tricuspid stenosis Superior vena cava obstruction COPD w/expiration |
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S3 is caused by what process?
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Vibration caused by passive blood flow into ventricles from atria (early diastole) that distends ventricular walls (brief middiastolic impulse)
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S4 is caused by what process?
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Ventricular walls, valves, and papillae during 2nd phase of diastole (impulse just before systolic apical beat)
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A palpable S2 impulse in the right 2nd ICS may indicate what?
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HTN
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A visible pulsation in the right 2nd ICS may indicate what?
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Dilated aorta
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A palpable or visible S2 impulse in the left 2nd ICS indicates what?
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Increased pulmonary artery pressure
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Where is the aortic auscultation site?
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Right 2nd ICS
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Where is the pulmonic auscultation site?
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Left 2nd ICS
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Where is the aortic/pulmonic auscultation site?
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Left 3rd ICS - sternal border
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Where are the tricuspid auscultation sites?
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Left 4th & 5th ICS
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Where is the mitral auscultation site?
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Left 5th ICSMCL
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Pulsus paradoxus is indicative of what condition?
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Cardiac tamponade
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