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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the MOA of the tetracyclines?
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Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 30s ribosomal subunit; bacteriostatic
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What are the 4 tetracyclines we need to know?
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Tetracycline
Doxycycline Minocycline Demeclocycline |
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What do the tetracyclines cover?
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Respiratory Gram neg aerobes
Some staph/strep Propionibacterium Chlaymydia/Mycoplasma Lyme disease RMSF Coxiella |
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Who should NOT be given tetracycline?
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Pregnant Women
Children under 8 |
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What toxicity does Minocycline have?
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Reversible vestibular toxicity (Dizziness, vertigo)
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What is a serious complication of Demeclocycline?
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Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
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Tigecycline is a derivative of which tetracycline?
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Minocycline
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The tetracyclines are excreted how?
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Kidney
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Tigecycline is excreted how?
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Biliary excretion
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What is the MOA of the macrolides?
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Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 50s ribosomal subunit
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What are the macrolides?
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Erythromycin
Clarithromycin Azithromycin Dirithromycin Erythromycin/sulfisoxazole (peds) |
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What do the macrolides cover?
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Atypicals (Legionella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma)
B. pertussis H. flu Mycobacterium avium (clarithro & azithro) H. pylori (clarithro) |
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Which macrolide distributes the best in tissues?
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Azithromycin
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Which macrolide can cause phlebitis when given IV?
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Erythromycin
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Which macrolides can cause reversible hearing loss?
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IV erythromycin
High dose azithromycin |
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Which macrolide can cause cholestatic hepatitis?
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Erythromycin
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What is the MOA of Clindamycin?
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Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 50s ribosomal subunit
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What bacteria are resistant to clindamycin?
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Gram negative bacilli
Enterococcus |
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Clindamycin is active against what bacteria?
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Anaerobic bacteria
Gram positive anaerobes |
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What does trimethoprim cover?
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Gram positive aerobes
Enteric gram negative rods |
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What does sulfamethoxazole cover?
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Gram positive cocci (except enterococci)
Enteric Gram negatives |
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Linezolid is in what class of drugs?
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Oxazolidinones
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What is the MOA of Linezolid?
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binds to 50s ribosomal subunit and inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
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Linezolid is bacteriostatic against what bacteria?
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Staph
Enterococci |
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Linezolid is bacteriocidal against what bacteria?
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Strep
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What is the MOA of the aminoglycosides?
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Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to receptor sites on 30s ribosomes
Bactericidal |
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What are the aminoglycosides?
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Gentamicin
Tobramycin Amikacin Netilmicin Neomycin Streptomycin |
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What is the only PO aminoglycoside?
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Neomycin
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Aminoglycosides are active against what bacteria?
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Gram negative aerobes
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What drug can the aminoglycosides work synergistically with to kill staph and enterococci?
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Penicillins
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What infections are aminoglycosides usually used to treat?
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Intra abdominal infections
Sepsis UTIs |
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Aminoglycosides are absorbed orally, true or false?
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False
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What are the toxicities of the aminoglycosides?
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Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity Neuromuscular blockade |
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What toxicity does Cloramphenicol have?
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Bone marrow
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What is Synercid active against?
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VRE
MRSA resistant gram positives |
