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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are phthirus pubis?
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Pubic lice
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What is the scientific name for head lice?
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Pediculus humanus capitis
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Pediculus humanus corporis are what?
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Body lice
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What is the life span of lice?
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One month
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How long after hatching will lice lay eggs?
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2 weeks
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Where are nits laid in the hair?
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Near the base of the hair shaft
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What reaction causes pruritus in lice?
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IgE reaction
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Bluish macules on lower abdomen or upper thigh are a sign of what?
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Pubic lice
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What is the scientific name for scabies?
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Sarcoptes scabiei
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Where do scabies usually occur?
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Webs of fingers and toes
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Scabies do not appear on what parts of the body?
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Head/neck
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Describe the appearance of flea bites.
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Typically groups
Erythematous Intensely itchy |
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What causes the urticarial reaction of a flea bite?
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Flea saliva
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What bacteria causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
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Rickettsia rickettsii
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What bacteria causes Lyme Disease?
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Borrelia burgdorferi
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How long do constitutional symptoms appear after a bite in Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
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2-14 days after bite
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Delirium, lethargy, seizures, stupor, and coma are signs of what?
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RMSF
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What is the most common cause of death associated with RMSF?
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Pneumonitis
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Describe the rash of RMSF?
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Maculopapular, petechial rash on days 2-6
First on wrists & ankles, then proximal for 2-3 days |
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What percentage of RMSF cases are fatal?
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5%
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Injected conjunctiva is a sign of what?
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RMSF
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What is hyponatremia?
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Low sodium
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What is hypoglycorrhacia?
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Low glucose in spinal fluid
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What liver tests will be abnormal in RMSF?
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Elevated liver enzymes
Hyperbilirubinemia |
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When is antibody testing reliable in RMSF?
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2nd week after infection
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What percentage of patients with RMSF do not recall a bite?
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40%
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What tests should be done to distinguish RMSF from meningitis or sepsis?
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Blood cultures, CSF
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What is the DOC for RMSF?
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Doxycycline
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What drug should be given to a pregnant female with RMSF?
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Chloramphenicol
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Do soft ticks or hard ticks transmit disease?
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Hard ticks
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What is the most common spirochetal disease in America?
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Lyme disease
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About how many cases are there of Lyme disease annually in the USA?
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25,000
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What symptoms are present in the onset of Lyme Disease?
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Flu-like syndrome
Rash |
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What neurological manifestations can appear a week to months later in Lyme disease?
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Bell's palsy, meningitis
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What manifestations can appear months to years later in Lyme disease?
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Varying arthritis
PNS/CNS symptoms |
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What disease presents with a bulls-eye rash?
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Lyme disease
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What is the scientific name for the bulls-eye rash?
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Erythema migrans
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How long does the rash of Lyme disease last?
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3-4 weeks
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When does the rash of Lyme disease appear after the bite?
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about 1 week
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What tests are used to diagnose antibodies to B burgdorferi?
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IFA or ELISA
Western Blot |
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What is the treatment for erythema migrans?
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Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 2-3 weeks
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Tinea and candida are usually contained to what areas of the body?
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Skin, hair, nails, mucosal surfaces
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Tinea unguium is where?
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Nails
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Tinea pedis is where?
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Feet
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What medication can worsen a fungal infection?
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Steroids
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Which skin condition reveals a "spaghetti and meatballs" appearance on microscopy?
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Tinea versicolor
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Topical antifungals are effective on what kind of skin?
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Non-keratinized
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What kind of antifungals are usually necesary for diseases of hair, nails, feet, and palms of hands?
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Systemic antifungals
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What is the preferred topical drug for tinea capitis?
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Griseofulvin
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What is the preferred topical drug for tinea corporis?
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Clotrimazole 1% cream
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What is the preferred topical drug for tinea versicolor?
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Ketoconazole gel
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What is the preferred drug for tinea pedis?
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Terbinafine 1% cream
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What is the preferred drug for onychomycosis?
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Terbinafine oral tablets
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What is the standard treatment time for tinea capitis?
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6-12 weeks
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What is the fungicidal effect of terbinafine due to?
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Interruption of ergosterol synthesis
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Terbinafine utilizes what pathway, and what is the result of this?
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CYP2D6
Few drug-drug interactions |
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What are the two outcomes of viral infections?
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Lifelong immunitiy
Lifelong infection |
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What is the typical appearance of HPV?
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Warty (verrucous), possibly pedunculated
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Salicyclic acid, cyrosurgery, electrocautery, surgical removal, and topical immune modifying agents are treatments for what?
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HPV
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What percentage of people worldwide have some form of herpes?
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90%
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What is HHV - 3?
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Herpes Zoster
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What is HHV - 4?
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Epstein-Barr Virus
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What is HHV - 5?
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Cytomegalovirus
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Describe the appearance of HHV.
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Dew drops on a rose petal
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What can you use for recurrent HHV outbreaks or HIV?
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Daily suppressive therapy with valacyclovir or acyclovir
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How many outbreaks of HHV per year warrant giving suppressants?
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7
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Herpes zoster is always bilateral, true or false?
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False (always unilateral)
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Describe molluscum contagiosum.
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Small papules with central umbilication, hyperpigmentation
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What type of rash appears in acute HIV infection, and when does it occur?
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Maculopapular, roseola-like on the trunk
Within 2-3 weeks of infection |
