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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Edward Braddock
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General During french and Indian War
He was from england was told to attack the French at Fort Duquense Had the aid of George W's Virgina Militia Braddock's Troops and Militia ambushed the French/Indian's 976 died, Braddock was killed |
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Quebec
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caputred in 1759 by General James Wolfe
In 1775 American expedition was to capture Quebec It was attacked by Arnold and Montegomery- but not taken. |
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Fort Necessity
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was the place used by WAshington and his troops to stay protected through the Seven Years War (The Battle of Jumonville Glen and The Battle of Great Meadows)
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William Pitt
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came to power in England in 1757
helped capture Fort Dequense in 1758 helped capture Fort Niagara and Fort Ticonderoga in 1759 appointed primse minister in 1766 by King George 3 |
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Pontiac's Rebellion
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April 1763
Cheif of the Ottowa tribe in Ohio attaked the British garrison near Detriot More than 400 soldeirs were taken captive or killed Ended in December |
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Stamp Act
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1775
imposed tax on paper used for revenue first major conflict between colonies and England over Parliments right to tax |
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Thomas Hutchinson
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Administered the Stamp Act
to avoid problem of hostility to British enforcers |
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Tea Act
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Americans smuggled tea, which was cutting into British East India Co.'s profit on tea
Lord North proposed legeslation favoring East India Co., allowing it to sail through government agents Said to be used for revenue reminder of Parliments claim of having the power to tax mandated special agents to handle tea sales |
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Boston Masacre
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Accidental shot that killed a boy started the massacre
march 5 1770- crowd teased a soldier that was guarding Customs House More gaurds were sent and the crowd grew Soldiers fired first 5 men killed jailed Preston and 8 soldiers |
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Sons of Liberty
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defended british soldiers during Boston Masacre
Pressued tea agaents to resign |
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Coerrsive Acts
(Intolerable Acts) |
Series of four laws meant to punish masschuesetts for the destruction of the tea
Known as the Intolerable Acts 1. Closed Boston Harbor 2. Altered the colonies charter 3. Accused royal people were sent to England for trial 4. Military could lodge soldiers in private households |
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Second Continental Congress
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met in philidalphia
no formal constitution needed a constitution so they created the Articles of Confederation in 1775 |
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Virtual Representation
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Grenville agreed with notions of taxation by consent and argued colonists were already virtually represented in parliment
ministers virtual representation in support of tax on US is frivillous |
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George Washington
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Led continental army to victory over great britian in the American Revolution
1775-1783 Commander and Cheif of Continental Army First President |
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Common Sense
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Thomas Paine
Came to England in 1774 Wrote in 1776 wrote of the absurdities of the British Monarchy Sold 150,000 in first week |
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Battle of Trenton
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1776
Washington led army across river to suprise and elimenate the Hession Garrison at Trenton, NJ Victory helped preserve continental army in set stage for Battle of Princeton |
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Battle of Saratatoga
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American Victory
Surrender of entire british army (9,000 men) who were invading new york from canada |
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Battle of Yorktown
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1781- Victory
by combined assult of French and American forces surrender of Cornwallis Army caused British Government to negotiate end of war |
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Benedict Arnold
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originally fought for American independence in the Continenetal Army
until he obtained command of the American Fort at West Point, and switching sides, he plotted to surrender to the British |
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Articles of Conferderation
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First Government document of the US
final draft written and adopted in 1777 by the SEcond Continental Congress in York, Pennsylvania |
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Treaty of Paris
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Signed September 3 1782
ratified by the congress of the confederation on January 1794 formally ended the American Revolutionary War French, Spain, and Dutch signed a seperate aggreement in 1783 referred to as Treaty of Versaille |
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Alexander Hamilton
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he was for national bank
opposite of thomas jefferson killed aaron buhr in a dual federalist tried to manipulate john adams representitive of new york created plans to get out of national debt |
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Thomas Jefferson
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wrote declaration of independence
democratic-republican won election of 1800 embargo act approved Lewis and Clark expedition' recieved the louisiana purchase was for the common man |
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National Bank
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headed by Nicholas Biddle
issued paper notes created to deminish national debt |
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Whiskey Rebellion
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caused by Hamilton's excess tax on Whiskey
threatened to tar and feather federal tax collectors John Neville's house was burned down |
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Shay's Rebellion
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war veterans were losing their houses because they had to pay taxes in hard money
rebelllion led by former captain Daniel Shay |
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John Adams
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Second President
George WAshington's Vice PResident Manipulated by Alexander Hamilton wanted to stay out of war with France |
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XYZ Affair
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Tally Rand (french guy) sent X, Y, and Z to America
$250,000 to negotiate and $12 million dollars for peace caused America to repeal all their treaties with france caused first undeclared was (Quasi War) |
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Alein and Sedation Acts
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heavy fine or jail sentence for anyone engaged in conspearacies, revolts, or speaking\writing anything that went agaisnt the government
25 men arrested two alien acts passed 1. president reserved the right to send all immagrants back to where they came from in time of war 2. the waiting period to become a citizen after one had entered America was lengthened |
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James Madison
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fourth president
wrote Virginia plan |
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Virginia Plan
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15 point plan
three branch government 2 chamber legeslature powerful executive and judiciary eliminated voices of smaller states |
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New Jersey Plan
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alternative plan to the Virginia plan proposed by small states
resembled existing Articles of Conferderation one single house congress each state had one vote |
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Federalist Papers
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used to influence the public to ratify the constitution written by Hamilton, Madison, and John Jay
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Bill of Rights
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James Madison drew them up
first amendments to the constitution 1-8 are individual liberties 9-10 are boundries between federal and state authority |
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Washington DC
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capital of US
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Kentucky & Virgina Revolutions
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they were in response to alien/sedation acts
tested the arguement that a state legesslature had the right to judge the constitutionality of federal laws and to nullify laws that infringe on the liberties of the people |
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3/5's Compromise
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compromise whether a slave should count towards taxation and population
slave was counted as three fifths of a person |
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Elastic Clause
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adresses the issue that the government had all "implied powers" that the constitution mentioned
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Aaron Buhr
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famous for killing Alexander Hamilton and getting away with it because of MArshall's ruling
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Gabriel's Rebellion
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happened because slaves were angry with thee present situation, so they congregated
tried to gain govenor Monroe as a hostage failed however, scared the government |
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John Marshall
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supreme court justice for over twenty years
ruled on the side of aaron buhr in murder case was a part of the XYZ affair |
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Judicial Review
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the power of a court to review the actions of public sector bodies in terms of their legality or constitutionality
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Mayburry vs. Madison
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mayburry wasn't delivered a commision so he sued madison for failiur to make good on the appointment
resulting in supreme court being able to nullify acts judged in conflict with the constitution |
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McCulough Vs. Maryland
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MAryland tries to tax bank of US
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William Clark
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Lewis' co-leader
from kentucky veteran of 1790's Indian WArs explored Louisiana and met Sacajaweia |
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Barbary Pirates
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Corsairs swift vessels overtook merchant ships
plundered cargo captured crew for ransom forces attacked Tripoli |
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Battle of Tippecanoe
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Harrison attacked Prophetstown with 1,000 men
2 hour battle America WON :D |
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Battle of New Orleans
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important victory for Americans
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War Hawks
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Calhoun and Clay
Republican party favored trade, western expantion, internal improvments, econmic markets |
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Treaty of Ghent
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signed in 1814
settled few surface issues that had led to war of 1812 |
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Hartford Convention
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discussed possible sucession from the union
proposed ammending the constitution to abolish the 3/5ths cluase to specify congressional powers, to pass embargos, admit states, or declare war should require two-thirds vote instead of majority |
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James Monroe
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beat king in 1816
served two terms as president |
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Missouri Compromise
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the congretional legeslation that allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state by couplnig its admission with maine as a free state
declared the southern boundry of Missouri as a perminent line dividing slave and free |
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Adam's Onis Treaty
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agreement that delievered florida to the US
1819 in exchange for the US reputiating any claim to Texas or Cuba |
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Monroe Doctrine
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presidnet James monroe's 1823 declaration stated that the western hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interfierence by European powers
US wouldn't become involved in European struggles |
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Henry Clay
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republican representitiive from kentucky
lost election of 1824 brokered the Missouri Compromise Advocated the American System he was a War Hawk |
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Tecumseh
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charasmatic Shawnee cheif
he rejected assimilation and called for a return to ancient ways |
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DeWitt Clinton
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Govenor of New York
asked for federal help to build erie canal he was denied and chose to build it himself |
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Corrupt Bargain
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in the election of 1824 Jackson had popular vote
but Adam had majority so vote went to house of representitives only the top 3 candidates were to be chosen from in this vote so the fourth candidate (Clay) gave his votes to Adams Adams won by one vote. Adams was elected president. |
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Trail of Tears
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forced westward journey of Cherokees from their homes in Georgia
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Tariff of Abominations
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Passed by congress in 1828
very controlversial, South Carolina leaders feared the impact on cotton exports South Carolina declared the tarriff to be voided in their state as of February 1, 1833 |
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Nullification
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South Carolina declared the federal tarriff as void in its state
Started the idea that states have the power to overturn federal laws when those laws overstep congressional powers Doctrine first proposed in 1828 in response to the Tariff of abomination |
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The Bank War
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Hamilton had a 3 step plan
Jackson hated everything about the bank and anyone that favored it He killed the national bank and started inflation |
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Panic of 1837
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Excessive silver from Mexican mines gave bankers license to print even more bank notes
Basic goods prices raised +50% Hundreds of banks were chartered by the states National debt disappeared |
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Martin VanBuren
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Secretry of state under Jackson
Governor of New York Won 1826 election and held presidency for one term Nicknamed little magician Wanted to create independent treasury but was opposed by congress and not re-elected |
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Spoil System
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When new person becomes president he has the right to appoint new cabinet members and get rid of preceding cabinet members
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John C Calhoun
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Member of the Congress of 1810
Warhawk with Henry Clay Proposed an invasion of Canada Candidate of election of 1824 and voted vice president |
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Second Great Awakening
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Began with a revival meeting at Cane ridge
Attracted people hungry for spiritual peace from 1800-1820 church memberships doubled Women typically brought men Finney preached of outreach programs, promoted Sunday School and Sunday services |
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Erie Canal
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Located in New York
Finished in 1825 Between Albany and Buffalo Moved wheat/flour east and textiles west Shipping cost 1/10th of land transport New York became premier commercial city in US |
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The American System
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Protective tarriffs imposed by Henry Clay
Promoted manufacturing and expenditures for internal improvement |
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Rachel Robards (Rachel Jackson)
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Wife of Andrew Jackson
Died of heart attack two weeks after husband won election |
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Daniel Webster
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Senator of Massachusets
Convinced the bank of US to apply for charter renewal in 1832 along Henry Clay |
