Unit Two

Front 1

Abdomen

Back 1

oval cavity extending from the diaphragm to the brim of the pelvis

Front 2

Viscera

Back 2

all of the organs within the abdomen are called the

Front 3

Solid Viscera

Back 3

organs that maintain a characteristic hale (liver, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, uterus)

Front 4

Hollow Viscera

Back 4

shape depends on the contents (stomach, gallbladder, small intestine, colon, and bladder)

Front 5

GERD

Back 5

seconardy to reflux of gastric contents into the lower esophagus

Front 6

Primary cause of GERD

Back 6

incompetent lower esophageal sphincter

Front 7

Corrosive to the esophageal mucosa

Back 7

gastric enzymes (pepsin) and intestinal enzymes (trypsin)

Front 8

Heartburn

Back 8

irritation of the esophagus by the gastric secretions

Front 9

Heartburn - relief

Back 9

milk, water or alkaline substances

Front 10

Respiratory Symptoms - GERD

Back 10

wheezing, coughing, and dyspnea

Front 11

Regurgitation - GERD

Back 11

return of food/gastriic contents from the stomach into the mouth

Front 12

Gastic symtoms - GERD

Back 12

bloating after a meal, nausea, vomiting

Front 13

Barretts Esophagus

Back 13

replacement of the normal squamous epithelium with columnar epithelium

Front 14

Barium Swallow

Back 14

any protrusion of the upper part of the stomach

Front 15

Endoscopy

Back 15

assessing the competence of the LES and assessing for lesions

Front 16

Biopsy

Back 16

determination of cancerous lesions

Front 17

Herniation - Sliding - GERD

Back 17

a part of the stomach slides through the opening of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity when the person is supine, and goes back into the abdominal cavity when the person is standing

Front 18

Herniation - Rolling

Back 18

the esophagoastric junction remans in normal position, but the funds and the greater curvature of the stomach roll up through the diaphragm, forming a pocket

Front 19

Herniation - Rolling - Possible Causes

Back 19

weaking of the muscle, obesity, pregnancy, tumours, trauma

Front 20

Gastritis

Back 20

inflammation of the gastric mucosa and breakdown of the normal gastric mucosal barrier that protects the stomach tissue from HCl and the pepsin enzyme

Front 21

Gastritis - Results in

Back 21

tissue edema, disruption of capillary walls, possible bleeding

Front 22

Gastritis - Causes

Back 22

medications, diet, micro-organisms/environment, reflux of bile salts, stress

Front 23

Peptic Ulcer Disease - acute

Back 23

resolve quickly when cause is removed

Front 24

Peptic ulcer disease - chronic

Back 24

intermittently returns throughputs a persons life

Front 25

Peptic ulcer disease - complications

Back 25

hemorrhage, erosion, perforation, gastric outlet obstruction

Front 26

Gastroenteritis

Back 26

caused by a viral or bacterial infection (often referred to as the stomach flu

Front 27

Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) - S&S

Back 27

abd pain, diarrhea, increased WBC, fever, distension, blood/mucous in the stool

Front 28

Fecal incontience

Back 28

results from problems in motor or sensory muscles

Front 29

Appendicitis

Back 29

inflammation of the appendix

Front 30

Appendicitis - S&S

Back 30

RLQ pain, rebound tenderness, low-grade fever

Front 31

Peritonitis

Back 31

inflammation of the peritoneum

Front 32

Peritonitis - causes

Back 32

appendicitis with rupture, GI tract organisms, trauma, ischemic bowel disorders, pancreatitis, GI obstruction

Front 33

ulcerative colitis

Back 33

chromic inflammatory disease that is characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the rectum and the colon

Front 34

Crohns Disease

Back 34

chronic, inflammatory bowel disorder

Front 35

Ostomy Surgery

Back 35

opening made to allow passage of intestinal conents of the bowel

Front 36

-

Back 36

-