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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plymouth Colony
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Who: A group of European Separatists/Puritans settling and founded by Captain John Smith
What: The Pilgrims were running away from their country to find religious freedom and in doing so created the Plymouth Colony. Where: Plymouth Massachusetts Significance: The significance of this colony was that rather than being entrepreneurs like many of the settlers of Jamestown, the citizens of Plymouth were fleeing religious persecution and searching for a place to worship their God as they saw fit. They also invented the tradition we call today “Thanksgiving”. They were a major part in our American history. |
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MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620
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Who: Created by the Pilgrims who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower; signed by 41 men.
What: The first governing document of the Plymouth Colony. The colonists, later together known to history as the Pilgrims, wrote it. Where: The compact was signed in what is now Massachusetts; the Plymouth Colony at the time. Significance: The significance of this compact was that without this compact they wouldn’t have been able to proclaim that this territory was theirs. Since it wasn’t in the agreed-upon Virginia territory. They used “ would use their own liberty; for none had power to command them…” It was the first governing document. |
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HEADRIGHT SYSTEM
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Who: the King usually gave the land grants to settlers/landowners or the ones who wanted people to come and settle.
What: a legal grant of land to settlers but by giving the land to the landowning masters the indentured servants had little or no chance to procure their own land. This kept many colonials poor and led to strife between the poor servants and wealthy landowners. Where: This usually took place in the expansion of the thirteen British colonies in North America; mainly in Jamestown, Virginia. Significance: Its significance was that it attracted immigrants to settle in the colonies and expand them |
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FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT 1639
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Who: Adopted by the Connecticut Colony. The colony’s secretary Thomas Welles transcribed the orders into the official colony records
What: a document relating to a constitution; adopted on January 14, 1638 Where: In what is now Connecticut Significance: The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut set the government’s structure and powers and gave men more voting rights and opened up more men to be able to run for office positions. |
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MERCANTILISM
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Who: it is favored upon non-economists today but at that time merchants favored it
What: an economic theory that was the dominant school of thought throughout the early modern period. This led to significant government intervention and control over the economy Where: for nations who want to prosper and were dependent upon its supply of capital Significance: Mercantilism encouraged the many European wars of the period and fueled European imperialism |
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TRIANGULAR TRADE
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Who: any nations that wanted to trade their products with each other
What: a historical term indicating trade among three ports or regions Where: in the 17th, 18th, and early 19th centuries the Transatlantic Triangular Trade manufactured goods between West Africa, the Caribbean or American colonies, and the European colonial powers Significance: provided a mechanism for rectifying trade imbalances |
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THE GREAT AWAKENING
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Significance: It played a key role in developing democratic concepts and the ideals of republican government. It exerted significant influence on the politics of America
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IRON ACT 1750
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Who: introduced by the British Parliament to North America
What: one of the legislative measures to restrict manufacturing activities in British colonies, and encouraged manufacture to take place in Great Britain Where: British colonies, mainly North America Significance: it encouraged manufacture to take place in Great Britain |
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INDENTURED SERVANTS
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Who: Europeans immigrants including Irish, Scottish, English, and Germans
What: a form of debt bondage worker. The laborer is under contract of an employer for usually three to seven years, in exchange for their transportation, food, drink, clothing, lodging and other necessities. Where: Southern American colonies mainly, but in all the colonies Significance: it helped the growth of expansion in the colonies because after they were done serving their contract they could move |
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GEORGE WASHINGTON
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Who: George Washington
What: the commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War and the first president of the United States Where: he lived in Mount Vernon, Virginia Significance: he is significant because he was considered the “father of our country” and made many contributions to America |
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PROCLAMATION OF 1763
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Who: Issued by King George III
What: The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier. Where: American Colonies; mainly northern Significance: its significance was that it would create fewer conflicts among the white settlers and the Native American Indians |
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SALUTARY NEGLECT
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Who: British citizens who opposed the Parliament
What: An undocumented, though long standing, British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, which were meant to keep the American colonies obedient to Great Britain Where: Britain Significance: Allowed the enforcement of trade relation’s laws to be lenient |
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STAMP ACT OF 1765
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Who: British Parliament, imposed on colonies
What: A tax imposed by the British Parliament on the colonies of British America. The act required that many printed materials in the colonies carry a tax stamp. Where: British Colonies Significance: The purpose of the tax was to help pay for troops stationed in North America following the British victory in the Seven Years' War. |
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STAMP ACT CONGRESS
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Who: Delegates from 9 of the 13 colonies that discussed and acted upon the recently passed Stamp Act.
What: A meeting in the building that would become Federal Hall in New York City on October 19th, 1765 Where: In what is now New York Significance: it helped colonies “consult together on the present circumstances of the colonies". |
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SONS OF LIBERTY
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Who: American Patriots
What: A secret organization Where: in the thirteen colonies during the American Revolution Significance: Patriots attacked the apparatus and symbols of British authority and power |
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COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE
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Who: Bodies organized by the local governments of the Thirteen Colonies; also apart of the Sons of Liberty committee
What: The committees of correspondence rallied opposition on common causes and established plans for collective action Where: In the Thirteen Colonies Significance: the group of committees was the beginning of what later became a formal political union among the colonies. |
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BOSTON MASSACRE
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Who: British military
What: An incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, Where: Boston Significance: sparked the rebellion in some of the British colonies in America; cumulated into the American Revolution |
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NORTHWEST ORDINANCE
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Who: Congress of the Confederation
What: An act passed that empowered recognition of the importance of education and its encouragement provided for the concept of a sponsored higher education. Where: Northwest Territory; region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River Significance: Abolished state claims, allowed admission of new states, the establishment of territorial government and established civil rights. |
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SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1775
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Who: delegates from the Thirteen Colonies
What: A convention that managed the colonial war effort, and moved slowly towards independence and acted as the de facto national government of what became the United States. Also known as the Congress of the Confederation Where: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Significance: It helped develop independence in the United States |
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DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
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Who: Regions wanting independence
What: an assertion of the independence of an aspiring state or states. Such places are usually declared from part or all of the territory of another nation or failed nation, or are breakaway territories from within the larger state. Not all declarations of independence were successful. Where: Many regions Significance: It makes regions independent |
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COMMON SENSE
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Who: The human race
What: a strict construction of the term, consists of what people in common would agree on: that which they "sense" as their common natural understanding. Where: Anywhere where there are humans Significance: Equates to the knowledge and experience which most people allegedly have, or which the person using the term believes that they do or should have. |
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SHAYS REBELLION
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Who: shaysites or Regulators
What: Seeking debt relief through the issuance of paper currency and lower taxes, they attempted to prevent the courts from seizing property from indebted farmers by forcing the closure of courts in western Massachusetts. Where: Massachusetts Significance: Shay’s Rebellion produced fears that the Revolution’s democratic impulse had "gotten out of hand. |
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IMPLIED POWERS (ELASTIC CLAUSE)
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Who: Governments
What: powers not given to the government directly through the constitution but are implied. This document lets the government create “necessary and proper” programs/laws and retain them. Where: United States Significance: Te "general welfare clause" and the "necessary and proper" clause gave elasticity to the constitution. |
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GREAT COMPROMISE
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Who: Edmund Randolph proposed it (of the Virginia delegates)
What: was an agreement between large and small states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787. Where: United States Significance: defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution. |
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INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS 1774
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Who: British colonies in America
What: A series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain’s colonies in North America Where: American Colonies Significance: The Acts sparked outrage and resistance in the Thirteen colonies and were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution. |
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Declaratory Act
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Who: Parliament of Great Britain
What: an act attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies. When: 1766 Where: The American Colonies Significance: It stated that Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters. Contents |
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Quartering Act
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Who: British forces
What: An act ensuring that British troops had adequate housing and provisions When: 1765 and 1774 Where: American colonies Significance: |
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Townshend Act
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Who: passed by the Parliament of Great Britain; named after Charles Townshend who proposed it
What: a series of acts When: in the beginning of 1767 Where: The American Colonies Significance:The purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay for governors and judges who would be independent of colonial control, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, |
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Tea Act
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Who: Parliament of Great Britain
What: An act to allow a drawback of the duties of customs on the exportation of tea to any of his Majesty's colonies or plantations in America; to increase the deposit on bohea tea to be sold at the East India Company's sales; and to empower the commissioners of the treasury to grant licences to the East India Company to export tea duty-free.) When: passed on May 10, 1773 Where: Significance: |
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Boston Tea Party
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Who:
What: When: Where: Significance: |
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Mutiny Act
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Who:
What: When: Where: Significance: |
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Samuel Adams
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Who:
What: When: Where: Significance: |
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Declaratory Act
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Who: Parliament of Great Britain
What: an act attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies. When: 1766 Where: The American Colonies Significance: It stated that Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters. Contents |
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Quartering Act
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Who: British forces
What: An act ensuring that British troops had adequate housing and provisions When: 1765 and 1774 Where: American colonies Significance: |
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Townshend Act
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Who: passed by the Parliament of Great Britain; named after Charles Townshend who proposed it
What: a series of acts When: in the beginning of 1767 Where: The American Colonies Significance:The purpose of the Townshend Acts was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay for governors and judges who would be independent of colonial control, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, |
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Tea Act
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Who: Parliament of Great Britain
What: An act to allow a drawback of the duties of customs on the exportation of tea to any of his Majesty's colonies or plantations in America; to increase the deposit on bohea tea to be sold at the East India Company's sales; and to empower the commissioners of the treasury to grant licences to the East India Company to export tea duty-free.) When: passed on May 10, 1773 Where: Significance: |
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Boston Tea Party
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Who:
What: ghghhghtyu When: Where: Significance: |
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Patrick Henry
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Who- Patrick Henry
What- Founding Father and Virginian governor Where- Virginia When- 1776-1779 Significance- Gave the "Give me Liberty or give me Death!" speech |
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Daughters of Liberty
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Who- women patriots
What- they wove textiles for the patiots in America When- 1769 Where- American Colonies Why- eased the dependence of English textiles in America. |
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Crispus Attucks
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Who-Crispus Attucks
What- One of the 5 killed in the Boston Massacre Where- Boston When- 1770 Why- he was named as the first martyr of the American Revolution |
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John Adams
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Who- John Adams
What- 2nd president of the united states and 1st vice president Where- United States When- (1789–1797) and (1797–1801) Why- He influenced the continental congress to have a declaration of independence |
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Carolina Regulators
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Who- Citizens of North Carolina
What- A revolt against the colonial goverment Where-North Carolina When-1764-1771 Why- The wealth polotians in N. Carolina made unfair taxes to their citizens |
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King William’s War
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Who:England, France, and their respective American Indian allies
What:The first of the French and Indian Wars When:1689 – 1697 Where:North America Significance: The first of the French and Indian Wars |
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Queen Anne’s War
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Who: England and France
What:The second series of the Frech and Indian War When:1701-1714 Where:North America Significance: resulted in the treaty of Utrecht |
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Peace of Utrecht
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Who:representatives of Louis XIV, Philip V, Queen Anne of Great Britain, Duke of Savoy
What:comprises a series of individual peace treaties When:1713 Where: Dutch city of Utrecht Significance: End the War of the Spanish Succession; Sovereignty of national states established. |
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War of Jenkin’s Ear
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Who: Great Britain and Spain
What:a conflict between Great Britain and Spain When:1739 to 1748 Where:New Granada and the Caribbean; Florida-Georgia border; small raids in the Pacific and Atlantic Significance: Peace arrived with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748. |
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Paxton Boys
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Who: Presbyterian Scots-Irish frontiersmen from central Pennsylvania, near Paxton Church,
What:a vigilante group that murdered at least twenty Native Americans in events sometimes called the Conestoga Massacre When:1763 Where:Pennsylvania Significance: resulted in the Conestogas' 1701 treaty |
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Grenville’s Program
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Who:
What: When: Where: Significance: |
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Patrick Henry
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Who:Patrick Henry
What:served as the first post-colonial Governor of Virginia When:(May 29, 1736 – June 6, 1799) served as virginia's governor from1776 to 1779 Where:Virginia Significance: remembered for his "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" speech, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. |
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Sons of Liberty
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Who:American patriots
What: a secret organization When:August 1765 Where:originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution Significance: fought the British government and their taxation |
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Daughters of Liberty
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Who:consisted of women who displayed their patriotism
What: a successful Colonial American group When: late 1760's and early 1770's Where: The thirteen colonies Significance: gave women a chance to voice their opinions and complaints |
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Crispus Attucks
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Who:named as the first martyr of the American Revolution and is the only Boston Massacre victim whose name is commonly remembered
What:one of five people killed in the Boston Massacre When:1768 Where: Boston, Massachusetts Significance: He is regarded as an important and inspirational figure in American history. |
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John Adams
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Who:2nd President of the United States
What:an American politician When:October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826 Where:Massachusetts Significance:one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States. |
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Carolina Regulators
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Who:citizens in the colonies
What:a North Carolina uprising,citizens took up arms against corrupt colonial officials When:lasting from approximately 1764 to 1771 Where:North Carolina Significance:a catalyst to the American Revolutionary War. |
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Battle of the Alamance
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Who:Regulators and Tyron's troops
What:a rebellion over issues of taxation and local control When:1771 Where:North Caroline Significance:ended the so-called War of the Regulation |
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FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1774
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Who:delegates
What:a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that became the governing body of the United States When: during the American Revolution Where: Significance: |
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Suffolk Resolves
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Who:
What: When: Where: Significance: |
