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59 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Plymouth Colony
-Who - English colonial venture in North America from 1620 - 1691
-What – A settlement, which served as the capital of the colony.
-Where - Plymouth, Massachusetts
-It’s Significance - one of the earliest colonies to be founded by the English in North America and the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region.
Mayflower Compact of 1620
-Who – the Pilgrims
-What - document of Plymouth Colony
-Where – 1620 - Massachusetts.
-It’s Significance - a social contract in which the settlers consented to follow the compact's rules and regulations for the sake of survival.
Headright System
-Who – Company of London
-What - a legal grant of land to settlers.
-Where – the colonies
-It’s Significance – land was given to anyone willing to cross the Atlantic Ocean and help populate the colonies.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut in 1639
-Who – Connecticut colony
-What - The orders describe the government set up by the Connecticut River towns, setting its structure and powers.
-Where – Jan. 14, 1638 - Connecticut
-Its Significance – the first written constitution in the Western tradition
Mercantilism
-Who - Europeans
-What – economic theory
-Where – 16th to the 18th century in Europe
-It’s Significance - this led to some of the first instances of significant government intervention and control over the economy, and it was during this period that much of the modern capitalist system was established.
TRIANGULAR TRADE
-Who – West Africa, Caribbean, American colonies, European colonies, British and New England.
-What - trade among three ports or regions.
-Where - West Africa, Caribbean, American colonies, European colonies, British and New England.
-It’s Significance - Triangular trade thus provided a mechanism for rectifying trade imbalances.
THE GREAT AWAKENING
-Who - Anglo - American
-What – several periods of rapid and dramatic religious revival
-Where – 1730’s
-Its Significance – periodic revolutions in US religious thought
IRON ACT 1750
-Who – British Parliament
-What – to restrict manufacturing activities in British colonies
-Where – British colonies
-Its Significance – a Continuation of the Navigation Acts
INDENTURED SERVANTS
-Who – a debt bondage worker
-What – a laborer under a contract of an employer
-Where – America south
-Its Significance – only had to work for the amount of time signed on the contract
GEORGE WASHINGTON
-Who – first president of the us
-What - A commander and president of the United States army
-Where - The thirteen colonies in 1776
-Its Significance – he became a leader in a world full of chaos
PROCLAMATION OF 1763
-Who – King George III
-What – Organize Great Britain’s new North American empire and to stabilize relations with native north Americans
-Where – north American colonies
-Its Significance – first nations
SALUTARY NEGLECT
-Who - British
-What - undocumented British colony
-Where –American colonies
-Its Significance –keep American colonies obedient to great Britain
STAMP ACT 1765
-Who –George III
-What –a tax imposed by the British
-Where –the colonies of British America
-Its Significance –to help pay troops stationed in North America following the British victory in the seven years war
STAMP ACT CONGRESS
-Who – delegates of the 9 out of 13 colonies
-What – meeting to establish the stamp act
-Where –federal hall, new York
-Its Significance –to pass certain acts to impose upon the people
SONS OF LIBERTY
-Who –American patriots
-What –a secret society created during the American revolution
-Where –thirteen colonies
-Its Significance –to attack the apparatus and symbols of British authority
COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE
-Who – bodies of committees in the thirteen colonies
-What – bodies coordinated to have a written communication outside the colony
-Where – thirteen colonies
-Its Significance – to have a written constitution outside of the colony
BOSTON MASSACRE
-Who – British troops vs. rebelling British colonies
-What – an incident that led to the death of five civilians
-Where – Boston 1770
-Its Significance – helped spark the rebellion in some of the British colonies in America
INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS 1774
-Who – British parliament
-What – a series of laws passed by parliament
-Where – thirteen colonies in 1774
-Its Significance – important developments in the growth of the American Revolution
SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1775
-Who – delegates from the thirteen colonies
-What – convention of delegates
-Where – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1775
-Its Significance – to manage the colonial war effort, moving slowly towards independence
NORTHWEST ORDINANCE
-Who - Congress of the Confederation of the United States.
-What – an ordinance
-Where – the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio in 1787
-Its Significance – the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
-Who – continental congress
-What – a statement adopted that announced the colonies at war with Great Britain are now independent states
-Where – Boston , July 4, 1776
-Its Significance – marked the birth of a new region, an independent nation
COMMON SENSE
-Who – written by Thomas Paine
-What – a pamphlet
-Where – during the American revolution – Jan. 10, 1776
-It’s Significance - presented the American colonists with a powerful argument for independence from British rule, “the most incendiary and popular pamphlet of the entire revolutionary era.”
SHAYS REBELLION
. SHAYS REBELLION
-Who – “Shaysites,” Daniel Shay’s followers
-What – an armed uprising
-Where – central and western Massachusetts
-Its Significance - Shays' Rebellion stemmed from the fear that a private liberty, such as the secure enjoyment of property rights, could be threatened by public liberty- unrestrained power in the hands of the people
IMPLIED POWERS (ELASTIC CLAUSE)
-Who - Congress
-What – Article one of the United States Constitution
-Where – United States Constitution
-Its Significance – congress determines the fate of felons
GREAT COMPROMISE
-Who – large and small states/Philadelphia Convention
-What – defining the legislature structure and representation that each state would have under the U.S.
-Where – Philadelphia Convention of 1787
-It’s Significance - It proposed a bicameral legislature, resulting in the current United States Senate and House of Representatives.
Declaratory Act
-Who: Parliament of Great Britain
-What: An attempt to regulate the behavior of the colonies.
-When: 1766-Colonial period
-Where: The Colonies
-Significance: Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters, they took over
Quartering Act
-Who: Parliament of Great Britain
-What: Acts were used by the British forces in the American colonies to ensure that British troops had adequate housing and provisions
-When: 1765/1774
-Where: The Colonies
-Significance: Theses Acts were Amendments to the Mutiny Act
Townshend Act
-Who: Parliament of Great Britain
-What: Five laws: the Revenue Act of 1767, the Indemnity Act, the Commissioners of Customs Act, the Vice Admiralty Court Act, and the New York Restraining Act, pertaining to the colonies of America
-When: 1767
-Where: The Colonies
-Significance: Raise revenue in the colonies to pay for government, trade regulations, and resulted in the Boston massacre
Boston Massacre
-Who: five civilians died at the hands of British troops
-What: An incident that had Boston into incite brawls between soldiers and civilians and eventually led to troops discharging their muskets after being attacked by a rioting crowd.
-When: March 5, 1770
-Where: Boston
-Significance: Helped spark the rebellion in some of the British colonies in America, which culminated in the American Revolution.
Tea Act
-Who: Parliament of Great Britain
-What: allow a drawback of the duties of customs on the exportation of tea to any of his Majesty's colonies or plantations in America; to increase the deposit of tea in East India Company's sales; and to empower the commissioners of the treasury to grant licences to the East India Company to export tea duty-free.
-When: May 10, 1773.
-Where: The Colonies, India, East India Company
-Significance: It created a profitable opportunity for smugglers to import and distribute tax-free tea throughout the American colonies.
Boston Tea Party
-Who: Colonists in Boston
-What: A protest against the British Government upon taxed tea
-When: December 16, 1773
-Where: Boston Harbor
-Significance: A key event in the growth of the American Revolution
Mutiny Act
-Who: Parliament
-What: governing the British Army in response to the mutiny of a large portion of the army whom stayed loyal to the crown
-When: 1689
-Where: Great Britain
-Significance: The acts made desertion, mutiny, and sedition of officers and soldiers crimes which were triable by court-martial and punishable by death
Samuel Adams
-Who: was a statesman, political philosopher, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
-What: A politician in colonial Massachusetts
-When: September 27 [O.S. September 16] 1722 – October 2, 1803
-Where: Massachusetts
-Significance: Helped shaped the political culture of the United States
King William’s War:
Who: England, France, American Indian allies in the colonies of Canada (New France), Acadia, and New England.
What: The first of the French and Indian Wars. North American theater of the War of the Grand Alliance (1688–97)
Where: English colonies in America
Significance: The start of the French and Indian War
Queen Anne’s War:
Who: France and England
What: Was the second in a series of four French and Indian Wars
Where: North America
Significance: The counterpart of the War of the Spanish Succession in Europe.
Peace of Utrecht:
Who: Various European states
What: A series of individual peace treaties that were signed
Where: In the Dutch city of Utrecht in March and April 1713.
Significance: Helped end the War of the Spanish Succession.
War of Jenkins' Ear:
Who: Great Britain and Spain
What: This affair of the severed ear of Robert Jenkins, while boarding a vessel of the Spanish and a number of similar incidents sparked a war against the Spanish Empire, ostensibly to encourage the Spanish not to renege on the lucrative Asiento contract (permission to sell slaves in Spanish America)
Where: Small raids in the Pacific and Atlantic
Significance: After 1742 the war merged into the larger War of the Austrian Succession
Paxton Boys:
Who: Frontiersmen from church
What: A vigilante group that murdered at least twenty Native Americans in events sometimes called the Conestoga Massacre
Where: Pennsylvania
Significance: Revealed the tension between the established societies of the Atlantic coast and the precarious areas of white settlement on the western frontier.
Grenville’s Program:
Who: Prime Minister of Britain, George Grenville
What: The Prime minister of Britain, George Grenville came up with Acts and proclamations to let the colonists know who's in charge
Where: The Colonies 1763 - 1765
Significance: This sparked riots and a revolution against the British
Patrick Henry:
Who: The first post-colonial Governor of Virginia from 1776 to 1779
What: "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" speech, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
Where: Virginia
Significance: One of the most influential (and radical) advocates of the American Revolution and republicanism
SONS OF LIBERTY:
Who: A secret organization of American patriots
What: Seditious rebels - Patriots attacked the apparatus and symbols of British authority and power and as the war approached, vocal supporters of the Crown.
Where: The Thirteen colonies during the American Revolution
Significance: Parliament repealed taxes but later on imposed new ones; awakened them.
Daughters of Liberty:
Who: Women who displayed their patriotism
What: Colonial American group that consisted of women
Where: Boston
Significance: The patriot women helped influence a decision made by Continental Congress to boycott all British goods
Crispus Attucks:
Who: One of five people killed in the Boston Massacre
What: He was named as the first martyr of the American Revolution
Where: Boston
Significance: He is regarded as an important and inspirational figure in American history.
John Adams:
Who: An American politician and the second President of the United States (1797–1801), and one of the most influential founding fathers of his time.
What: Played a leading role in persuading Congress to adopt the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776
Where: Boston
Significance: Most influential founding father of our time
Carolina Regulators:
Who: Citizens took up arms against corrupt colonial officials in North Carolina
What: North Carolina uprising
Where: North Carolina
Significance: While unsuccessful, some historians consider it a catalyst to the American Revolutionary War.
Battle of the Alamance:
Who: Colonists in rebellion in colonial North Carolina over issues of taxation and local control.
What: War of the Regulation
Where: North Carolina
Significance: The opening salvo of the American Revolution.
FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1774:
Who: Delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies
What: A convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen British North American colonies
Where: September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall
Significance: They published a list of rights and grievances, and petition King George for redress of those grievances.
Suffolk Resolves:
Who: A declaration
What: A major development in colonial animosity leading to adoption of the United States Declaration of Independence from Great Britain in 1776
Where: Suffolk County, Massachusetts
Significance: Marked one of the closing courts of the American revolution
Galloway Plan:
Who: A Pennsylvania delegate who wanted to keep the colonies in the British Empire.
What: The creation of an American Colonial Parliament to act together with the Parliament of Great Britain.
Where: Massachusetts
Significance: Galloway's plan would have kept the British Empire together, however, it was defeated causing the Independence
LEXINGTON AND CONCORD, APRIL 19, 1775:
Who: The Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies
What: The first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.
Where: In the mainland of British North America
Significance: Described the first shot fired by the Patriots at the North Bridge as the "shot heard 'round the world"
Paul Revere, William Dawes:
Who: Was an American silversmith and a patriot in the American Revolution; a rider; a spy for the colonial minutemen
What: A messenger in the battles of Lexington and Concord; a spy
Where: Boston/Concord and Lexington;
Significance:He had potential for large-scale manufacturing of metal; proclaimed the outset of the American Revolution
SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS:
Who: Delegates from the Thirteen Colonies
What: A convention who managed colonial war effort and slowly moved towards independence
Where: Philidelphia
Significance: Adopted the Declaration of Independence
Slavery clause in the Declaration of Independence:
Who: Thomas Jefferson - Declaration of Independence
What: A clause to abolish slavery in the colonies
Where: The Declaration of Independence
Significance: If this part was passed the colonies may have not been able to win the war.
Somerset Case (in Great Britain)
Who:
What:
Where:
Significance:
Quock Walker case- Mass:
Who:
What:
Where:
Significance:
Benedict Arnold:
Who:
What:
Where:
Significance:
Continental Army:
Who:
What:
Where:
Significance:
Native Americans in the Revolutionary War:
Who: Native Americans
What:
Where: The Revolutionary War
Significance:
Black Americans in the Revolutionary War:
Who: Black Americans
What:
Where: The Revolutionary War
Significance: