Unit A Notes

Front 1

What is the scientific method?

Back 1

1. State the problem

2. Research known data

3. Hypothesize or predict

4. Plan and conduct experiment

5. Record, analyze data

6. make conclusions

Front 2

constant

Back 2

factors that stay the same in an experiment

Front 3

variable

Back 3

factors that you change in an experiment

Front 4

independent variable

Back 4

what you, the experimenter, changes or enacts in order to do your experiment. What "I do or change"

Front 5

Dependent Variable

Back 5

what changes when the independent variable changes; depends on the outcome of the independent variable (the data)

Front 6

controlled experiment

Back 6

all variables except one remain the same

Front 7

experimental group

Back 7

the set up hat contains a variable in an experiment

Front 8

control group

Back 8

the set up without the variable in the experiment

Front 9

Theory

Back 9

explains why and how something happened with support of observations

Front 10

Law

Back 10

is when all observations support after being tested over and over; can be expressed in a mathematical formula

Front 11

physical properties

Back 11

a characteristic of a substances that can be observed without changing the substance into something else (color, length, volume, odor, and density)

Front 12

chemical properties

Back 12

a characteristic that is observed when a substance interacts with another substance through a chemical reaction or change (iron exposed to oxygen will rust; flammability)

Front 13

physical change

Back 13

a change that alters the form or appearance of the substance but does not make the material into another substance (phase change)

Front 14

chemical change

Back 14

a change in matter that produces new substances

Front 15

miscible

Back 15

the ability of a liquid to mix with water or ethanol; if it does not mix and forms a separate layer then it is not ________

Front 16

scientific inquiry

Back 16

the diverse ways in which scientists study the world

Front 17

observation

Back 17

using your five senses to gather information around you (sight, smell, touch, taste, hear)

Front 18

inference

Back 18

a suggestion or possible explanation for an observation

Front 19

estimate

Back 19

careful guess when measurements are not needed or are too difficult to obtain

Front 20

data

Back 20

facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observation

Front 21

measure

Back 21

describe amount of an observation

Front 22

predict

Back 22

state what you think will happen based on past observations

Front 23

classify

Back 23

group things on how they are alike

Front 24

hypothesis

Back 24

suggest an answer to a problem based on information (then test to support your hypothesis or not)

Front 25

record and organize

Back 25

keeping a good record... like your lab book

Front 26

analyze

Back 26

looking for trends or patterns in data

Front 27

measurement

Back 27

a quantitative observation using tools such as rulers, thermometers, and balances

Front 28

quantitative

Back 28

involves a specific amount (number) 5 miles; 10 minutes

Front 29

qualitative measurement

Back 29

a description (what it is like) hard surface; yellow in color

Front 30

length

Back 30

the distance something covers

Front 31

meter

Back 31

the basic unit of length

Front 32

volume

Back 32

the amount of space something occupies

Front 33

cubic meter

Back 33

is the basic unit of volume

Front 34

liter

Back 34

another metric unit of volume usually used with liquids

Front 35

graduated cylinder

Back 35

tool used to measure volume

Front 36

meniscus

Back 36

the dipped surface of a liquid in the graduated cylinder caused by cohesion and adhesion

Front 37

mass

Back 37

the amount of matter something contains

Front 38

kilogram

Back 38

the basic unit of mass in the metric system

Front 39

balance

Back 39

tool used to measure mass

Front 40

weight

Back 40

the measure of the pull of gravity on an object; this changes depending on your location in the universe

Front 41

temperature

Back 41

the average amount of energy of motion in the molecules in a substance

Front 42

degrees Celsius

Back 42

the metric unit used to measure temperature

Front 43

density

Back 43

the amount of matter per unit (mass/volume)

Front 44

matter

Back 44

anything that has mass or takes up space

Front 45

chemistry

Back 45

the study of matter and how it interacts

Front 46

substance

Back 46

and form of matter that has a physical and chemical properties that can be observed and classified (elements, compounds, mixtures)

Front 47

hazardous materials

Back 47

substances that pose a danger to the health and safety of living organisms

Front 48

evidence

Back 48

the available body of facts or information indicating whether proposition is true or valid

Front 49

corrosive

Back 49

liquids that chemically wear away at solid materials (Bleach, sulfuric acid)

Front 50

Flammable

Back 50

solids/liquids that catch fire when exposed to a spark, flame, or heat source (Ethanol, gasoline, magnesium metal)

Front 51

toxic

Back 51

materials that are poisonous if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through skin (Insecticides, household cleaners)

Front 52

element

Back 52

a substance that cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical means (oxygen - O)

Front 53

Compound

Back 53

a substance made of two or more element that are chemically combined in a set ratio (water - H20)

Front 54

Mixture

Back 54

is made up of two or more different substance that are in the same place but not chemically combined or in a set ratio (Air/salt)