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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Iron Curtain
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-border marking the reach of Soviet influence over Eastern European countries
-got its name due to the effort of the Soviets to block contact with the Western European countries -most countries to the east of this were part of the Warsaw Pact, while most Western European countries were allies with the US and NATO |
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"Peaceful Coexistence"
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-policy proposed by Khrushchev in a speech that suggested both capitalistic countries and communist countries could maintain peaceful relations without fighting
-this theory arose to help reduce the increasing fear of a nuclear war breaking out |
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Strategic Defense Initiative
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-US defense system that would shoot down nuclear missiles
-proposed by Ronald Reagan -the mention of this system generated a lot of fear in Russia that their missiles would be rendered useless leaving them open to an attack from the US -ultimately the technology for this system did not exist at the time |
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Cold War
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-period of extreme tension between communist Russia, capitalistic US, and each countries' allies originating after WWII
-got its name due to the fact that no large scale fighting occurred between the two superpowers |
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Detente
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-period of the cold war from 1962-1980
-improvements to the relations between the US and Russia were made -height of this period can be marked by Nixon's visit to Moscow where a number of agreements were signed, including arms control |
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Fair Deal
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-remarkable proposal by President Harry Truman that included many points to develop the economy and increase civil rights and social welfare
-some of the proposed changes included an increase to minimum wage and abolition of poll taxes |
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New Deal
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-government program developed by President Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression
-aimed to aid the unemployed and poor as well as reform banking systems to prevent future depressions |
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Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)
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-talks between the US and the Soviets that resulted in treaties for arms control
-treaties limited the number of nuclear missiles each country could have |
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Marshall Plan / European Recovery Program
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-originally advocated by Secretary of State George C. Marshall, sought to preserve and extend FDR's New Deal
-passed by congress in 1948 -program of financial aid and other initiatives sponsored by the US designed to boost the economies of 17 western and southern European countries after WWII in order to create stable conditions in which democratic institutions could survive |
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Mutual Deterrence
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-defines bilateral relations between two nations (US and Russia)
-strategy intended to dissuade an adversary from taking an action not yet stated, or to prevent them from doing something that another state desires -theory gained increased prominence as a military strategy during the Cold War with regard to the use of nuclear weapons |
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Atomic Age
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-period in history initiated by the first use of the atomic bomb and characterized by atomic energy as a military, political, and industrial factor
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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
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-military alliance established by the North Atlantic Treaty (aka the Washington Treaty) on April 4, 1949
-sought to create a counterweight to Soviet armies stationed in central and eastern Europe after WWII -had 12 original members: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the UK, and the US -in 1994 launched the Partnership for Peace initiative in order to forge alliances with former Warsaw Pact countries |
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Warsaw Pact
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-treaty of mutual-defense and military aid signed on May 14, 1955 by communist states of Europe under Soviet influence
-in response to the admission of West Germany to Nato -dissolved July 1, 1991 |
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McCarthy Hearings
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-series of hearings held by the US Senate's Subcommittee on Investigations between April and June of 1954
-held for the purpose of investigating conflicting accusations between the US Army and Senator Joseph McCarthy |
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"Black market" economy / underground economy
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-market in which goods and services are traded illegally
-key distinction is that the transaction itself is illegal -goods and services themselves may or may not be illegal to own or trade through other legal channels -activity in foreign exchange is prevalent in countries in which convertible foreign exchange is scarce and strict control of foreign exchange exists -often sets a price for foreign exchange that is several times the price of the official one |
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B1 and B2 airplanes
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-throughout the Cold War decades, American bombers evolved to fly faster and higher in an effort to avoid the enemy interceptors and missiles that would meet them
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