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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The majority of whole blood is __________. |
plasma |
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What is hematocrit a measure of? |
Hematocrit is the percentage of erythrocytes in a whole blood sample. |
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What does dark red blood indicate? |
oxygen-poor blood |
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In a centrifuged sample of blood, what makes up the buffy coat? |
white blood cells and platelets |
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The main protein in blood plasma is __________. |
albumin |
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Which of the following is a function of blood? |
protection, regulation, and distribution |
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Which plasma constituent is the main contributor to osmotic pressure? |
albumin |
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What triggers erythropoietin (EPO) production to make new red blood cells? |
reduced availability of oxygen |
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How many oxygen molecules can be transported by one hemoglobin molecule? |
four |
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Specifically, what is the production of red blood cells called? |
erythropoiesis |
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What part of the body does erythropoietin (EPO) target to increase erythropoiesis? |
bone marrow |
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What part of the hemoglobin molecule is recycled to form bile? |
a portion of the heme group |
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Which of the following is not a distribution function of blood? |
transport of salts to maintain blood volume |
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When a person has an acute bacterial infection, such as meningitis or appendicitis, which type of leukocyte increases in number? |
neutrophils |
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Which type of leukocyte is responsible for antibody production? |
lymphocytes |
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When we take anti-histamines, we are countering the effects of which type of leukocyte? |
basophils |
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The process that converts fibrinogen to fibrin and results in the formation of a more solid clot is called __________. |
coagulation |
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Lepirudin is a drug that inhibits thrombin. It will have an effect specifically on the __________. |
common pathway of coagulation |
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The first step of hemostasis is __________. |
vascular spasm |
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Type A blood contains __________. |
A antigens and anti-B antibodies |
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Which of the following statements about capillaries is INCORRECT? |
The velocity of blood flow increases as blood flows into capillaries. |
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What vessels typically carry blood away from the heart? |
arteries |
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Which of the following will cause in increase in peripheral resistance? |
obstructions in vessels |
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The outward force that blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels is: |
blood pressure. |
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What two factors determine the pressure gradient that drives circulation? |
cardiac output and peripheral resistance |
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The baroreceptor reflex response to high blood pressure is __________. |
vasodilation and decreased cardiac output |
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Which of the following stimuli is detected by a chemoreceptor? |
decreased blood oxygen concentration |
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The leakiest capillaries, which allow large substances such as cells to cross the capillary walls are called __________. |
sinusoidal capillaries |
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The force that pulls water into capillaries is called the __________. |
osmotic pressure |
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Which pressure is created by the presence of large proteins in the blood, such as albumin? |
colloid osmotic pressure |
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Determine the net filtration pressure (NFP) if capillary hydrostatic pressure is 40 mm Hg and the colloid osmotic pressure is 25 mm Hg. |
15 mm Hg |
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Place in order from superficial to deep the three tunics of a typical blood vessel. |
tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima |
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Which blood vessel tunic is innervated by nerves from the sympathetic nervous system? |
tunica media |
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Which of the following is TRUE of veins? |
Veins have thinner walls than arteries. |
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Calculate the mean arterial pressure (MAP) if the systolic pressure is 120 mm Hg and the diastolic pressure is 90 mm Hg. |
100 mm Hg |
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Which of these changes will result in increased blood pressure? |
increased blood volume |
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Which blood vessels experience the sharpest decrease in blood pressure? |
systemic arterioles |
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If the chemoreceptors detect a decrease in blood oxygen concentration, they will trigger __________. |
vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output |
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Which nervous system promotes increased peripheral resistance and increased blood pressure through the vasoconstriction of systemic arterioles? |
sympathetic nervous system |