Unit 5&6

Front 1

Prokaryotes

Back 1

bacteria, spirochetes, cyanobacteria

Front 2

Bacteria

Back 2

ubiquitous one-celled organisms, spherical, spiral, or rod-shaped and appearing singly or in chains, comprising the Schizomycota, a phylum of the kingdom Monera (in some classification systems the plant class Schizomycetes), various species of which are involved in fermentation, putrefaction, infectious diseases, or nitrogen fixation.

Front 3

spirochetes

Back 3

Any of various slender, spiral, motile bacteria of the order Spirochaetales, many of which are pathogenic, causing syphilis, relapsing fever, yaws, and other diseases.

Front 4

cyanobacteria

Back 4

autotrophs

Front 5

extremophiles

Back 5

thermophiles, halophiles, methanogens

Front 6

thermophiles

Back 6

Requiring high temperatures for normal development, as certain bacteria.

Front 7

halophiles

Back 7

An organism that requires a salty environment.

Front 8

methanogens

Back 8

Any of various archaea that are capable of producing methane from the decomposition of organic material.

Front 9

“simple” Eukaryotes

Back 9

unicellular eukaryotes

Front 10

algae

Back 10

any of numerous groups of chlorophyll-containing, mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms ranging from microscopic single-celled forms to multicellular forms 100 ft. (30 m) or more long, distinguished from plants by the absence of true roots, stems, and leaves and by a lack of nonreproductive cells in the reproductive structures: classified into the six phyla Euglenophyta, Crysophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta.

Front 11

Fungi

Back 11

chitin cell wall, heterotrophs

Front 12

dinoflagellates

Back 12

Any of numerous minute, chiefly marine protozoans of the order Dinoflagellata, characteristically having two flagella and a cellulose covering and forming one of the chief constituents of plankton. They include bioluminescent forms and forms that produce red tide.

Front 13

amoebozoans

Back 13

infection by a disease-causing ameba

Front 14

ciliates

Back 14

Any of various protozoans of the class Ciliata, characterized by numerous cilia.

Front 15

diatoms

Back 15

Any of various microscopic one-celled or colonial algae of the class Bacillariophyceae, having cell walls of silica consisting of two interlocking symmetrical valves.

Front 16

Prokaryotes

Back 16

bacteria, spirochetes, cyanobacteria

Front 17

Bacteria

Back 17

ubiquitous one-celled organisms, spherical, spiral, or rod-shaped and appearing singly or in chains, comprising the Schizomycota, a phylum of the kingdom Monera (in some classification systems the plant class Schizomycetes), various species of which are involved in fermentation, putrefaction, infectious diseases, or nitrogen fixation.

Front 18

spirochetes

Back 18

Any of various slender, spiral, motile bacteria of the order Spirochaetales, many of which are pathogenic, causing syphilis, relapsing fever, yaws, and other diseases.

Front 19

cyanobacteria

Back 19

autotrophs

Front 20

extremophiles

Back 20

thermophiles, halophiles, methanogens

Front 21

thermophiles

Back 21

Requiring high temperatures for normal development, as certain bacteria.

Front 22

halophiles

Back 22

An organism that requires a salty environment.

Front 23

methanogens

Back 23

Any of various archaea that are capable of producing methane from the decomposition of organic material.

Front 24

“simple” Eukaryotes

Back 24

unicellular eukaryotes

Front 25

algae

Back 25

any of numerous groups of chlorophyll-containing, mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms ranging from microscopic single-celled forms to multicellular forms 100 ft. (30 m) or more long, distinguished from plants by the absence of true roots, stems, and leaves and by a lack of nonreproductive cells in the reproductive structures: classified into the six phyla Euglenophyta, Crysophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta.

Front 26

Fungi

Back 26

chitin cell wall, heterotrophs

Front 27

dinoflagellates

Back 27

Any of numerous minute, chiefly marine protozoans of the order Dinoflagellata, characteristically having two flagella and a cellulose covering and forming one of the chief constituents of plankton. They include bioluminescent forms and forms that produce red tide.

Front 28

amoebozoans

Back 28

infection by a disease-causing ameba

Front 29

ciliates

Back 29

Any of various protozoans of the class Ciliata, characterized by numerous cilia.

Front 30

diatoms

Back 30

Any of various microscopic one-celled or colonial algae of the class Bacillariophyceae, having cell walls of silica consisting of two interlocking symmetrical valves.

Front 31

Prokaryotes

Back 31

bacteria, spirochetes, cyanobacteria

Front 32

Bacteria

Back 32

ubiquitous one-celled organisms, spherical, spiral, or rod-shaped and appearing singly or in chains, comprising the Schizomycota, a phylum of the kingdom Monera (in some classification systems the plant class Schizomycetes), various species of which are involved in fermentation, putrefaction, infectious diseases, or nitrogen fixation.

Front 33

spirochetes

Back 33

Any of various slender, spiral, motile bacteria of the order Spirochaetales, many of which are pathogenic, causing syphilis, relapsing fever, yaws, and other diseases.

Front 34

cyanobacteria

Back 34

autotrophs

Front 35

extremophiles

Back 35

thermophiles, halophiles, methanogens

Front 36

thermophiles

Back 36

Requiring high temperatures for normal development, as certain bacteria.

Front 37

halophiles

Back 37

An organism that requires a salty environment.

Front 38

methanogens

Back 38

Any of various archaea that are capable of producing methane from the decomposition of organic material.

Front 39

“simple” Eukaryotes

Back 39

unicellular eukaryotes

Front 40

algae

Back 40

any of numerous groups of chlorophyll-containing, mainly aquatic eukaryotic organisms ranging from microscopic single-celled forms to multicellular forms 100 ft. (30 m) or more long, distinguished from plants by the absence of true roots, stems, and leaves and by a lack of nonreproductive cells in the reproductive structures: classified into the six phyla Euglenophyta, Crysophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta.

Front 41

Fungi

Back 41

chitin cell wall, heterotrophs

Front 42

dinoflagellates

Back 42

Any of numerous minute, chiefly marine protozoans of the order Dinoflagellata, characteristically having two flagella and a cellulose covering and forming one of the chief constituents of plankton. They include bioluminescent forms and forms that produce red tide.

Front 43

amoebozoans

Back 43

infection by a disease-causing ameba

Front 44

ciliates

Back 44

Any of various protozoans of the class Ciliata, characterized by numerous cilia.

Front 45

diatoms

Back 45

Any of various microscopic one-celled or colonial algae of the class Bacillariophyceae, having cell walls of silica consisting of two interlocking symmetrical valves.

Front 46

Fungi

Back 46

chitin cell wall, heterotrophs

Front 47

Plants

Back 47

cellulose cell wall, photosynthetic

Front 48

bryophytes (mosses)

Back 48

seedless non-vascular, dominant gametophyte

Front 49

ferns

Back 49

seedless vascular, dominant sporophyte, free-living gametophyte

Front 50

gymnosperm (conifers)

Back 50

pollen, naked seeds, vascular, reduced dependent gametophyte

Front 51

angiosperm: (flowering)

Back 51

pollen, flowers, fruit, seeds, reduced dependent gametophyte, monocot vs. dicot

Front 52

flatworms

Back 52

acoelomates

Front 53

annelids (segmented worms)

Back 53

coelomates

Front 54

mollusks (snails, clams, squid, octopus)

Back 54

coelomates

Front 55

brachiopods

Back 55

coelomates

Front 56

arthropods (insects, arachnids, crustaceans)

Back 56

coelomates

Front 57

nematodes (round worms)

Back 57

pseudocoelomates

Front 58

echinoderms (sea stars, sea urchins)

Back 58

coelomates

Front 59

vertebrates

Back 59

vertebrates: coelomates

Front 60

eukaryotes

Back 60

A single-celled or multicellular organism whose cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleus.

Front 61

ground tissues

Back 61

parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma

Front 62

dermal tissues

Back 62

epidermis, cuticle

Front 63

primary growth

Back 63

vertical growth

Front 64

apical root

Back 64

root cap, zone of cell division, zone of elongation, zone of maturation/differentiation

Front 65

lateral meristems

Back 65

vascular cambium (2° xylem & 2° phloem), cork cambium (periderm & bark)

Front 66

auxin

Back 66

promotes plant growth, cell elongation; apical dominance

Front 67

gibberellins

Back 67

cell growth, fruit development; bigger grapes

Front 68

cytokinins

Back 68

promote cell growth (cytokinesis); apical dominance

Front 69

ethylene

Back 69

promote fruit ripening

Front 70

abscisic acid (ABA)

Back 70

maintains seed & bud dormancy

Front 71

zygote (2n)

Back 71

new plant

Front 72

endosperm (3n)

Back 72

nutrition for new plant

Front 73

daylight

Back 73

Pr + red light . Pfr

Front 74

darkness

Back 74

Pfr + far-red light . Pr