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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why do cells divide
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the cell gets to big
reproduction to make more cells growth repair damage because signal |
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what is the cell cycle
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the sequence of growth and divison of a cell
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what is cell division
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the process by which new cells are produced from one cell results in two cells identical to the parent or origional cell
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interphase
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normal growth of the cell
longest part of the cells life |
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gi
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the chrosomomes are not visible normal cell growth
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s
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chrosomes are synthesized sister chromatids are connected by a centromere
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g2
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the cell prepares for mitosis organelles replicate
more growth |
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mitosis
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nuclear division
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prophase
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nuclear membrane disappears
spindle fibers form centrioles migrate |
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metaphase
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spindle attaches to centromeres
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anaphase
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apart
spindles shorten |
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telophase
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cleveage
nucleus back spindles gone |
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cytokinesis
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cytoplasmic division
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what happens during division of the cell wall with plant cells
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a cell plate forms
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reproduction
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the process by which an organism produces other of its same king
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asexual reproduction
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a new organism is produced from the same organism
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clone
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the new organism has the same genetic material as the orgional organism
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prokaryotic organisms
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reproduce asexually via fusion (they dont have a nucleus)
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eukaryotic organism
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reproduce asexually via mitosis
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ho do plants reproduce asexually
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budding
regeneration |
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sexual reproduction
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when two gametes come together to produce a new organism
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gametes
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sex cell
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what are the two types of sex cells (gametes0
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male sperm
female egg |
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fertilization
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the joining of an egg and a sperm
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zygote
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the cell that forms when a egg and sperm come together
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diploid cells
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cells with two pairs of similiar chromosomes
they have two set of instructions one from mom and one from dad |
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what cell are diploid cells
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all body cells
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how many many chromosomes are in body cells
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46 (23 from each parent)
23 from mom 23 from dad |
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homologous chrososomes
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paired chrosomes that contain the genes for the same trait
ex mom had blue eyes and dad has blue eyes |
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haploid cells
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cells with single chromosomes half the number of diploid cells
a cell with one of each chromosome |
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haploid cells contain how many chromosomes
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23 no pairs one set of instructions for each trait
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meiosis
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cell division that produces half the number of chromosomes as a parent's cell
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where does meiosis occur
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only in sex cells
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how many nucleur divisons in meiosis
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two
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meiosis starts with what kind of cell diploid or haploid
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diploid
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how many cells are there after meiosis
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4 haploid cells
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steps of meiosis
interphase 1 |
normal growth
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gi
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normal growth
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s
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synthisize dna
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g2
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synthesize organelles
more growth |
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prophase 1
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nucleus gone
centrioles migrate spindles form crossing over |
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metaphase 1
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homologous pairs go to the middle
centriolles migrate spincle fibers attach |
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anaphase 1
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homologous chrosomes seperate
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meosis 11
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second nucleur division
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telophase 1
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cell membrane pinches in
nucleur mambrane back |
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prophase 11
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spindle forms
nuclues gone centriolles replicate |
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metaphase 11
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chrosomes line up in the middle
centrioles migrate spindle fibers attach |
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anaphase 11
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spindle fibers shorten
sister chromatids seperate |
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telophase 11
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cleveage
nucleus back |
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cytokinesis
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cytoplasmic division
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what are some of the mistakes that happen in meiosis
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sex cells with too many or tow few chromsomes
zygote will have the wrong number of chromosomes |
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what will happen to the zygote that has the wrong number of chromosomes
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may not grow normally
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