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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
system unit
a case that contains electronic components of a computer used to process data.
motherboard
the main circutboard of the system unit.
chip
a small piece of semiconducting material, usually silicon, on which integrated circuts are etched.
CPU
central processing unit. interperates and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.
multi-core processor
a chip with two or more seperate cores.
control unit
a component of a processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.
ALU
arithmetic logic unit. a component of the processor that performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations.
system clock
clock in the computer that displays that time of day.
clock speed
the pace of the system clock measured in the number of ticks per second.
binary system
a number system that has just two unique digits: 1 and 0, called bits.
bit
the smallest unit of data the computer can process.
byte
an on/off series of electrical states. basic storage unit in memory. 8 bits
memory
consists of electrionic components that store instruction, and the results of processing the data.
volatile memory
looses its content when power is turned off.
nonvolatile memory
does not loose its memory when the power is turned off.
RAM memory
random access memory. consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices.
ROM memory
read only memory. memory chips storing permenant data and instructioins.
memory module
a small circut board.
memory slots
holds memory modules on the motherboard.
cache
improve the processing time of computers.
L1 cache
built directly in the processor chip and has a very small capacity of 8-128 KB.
L2 cache
slower than L1 chache but has a larger capacity of 64KB-16 MB.
flash memory
a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.
CMOS
complimentary mental-oxide semiconductor. provides high speeds and consumes little power.
Access time
the amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and information from memory.
nanosecond
one billionth of a second.
expansion slot
a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.
adapter card
a circut board that enhances functions of a component of the system unit or provides connnections to peripherals.
peripheral
a device that connects to the system unit card and is controlled by the processor in the computer.
video card
converts computer output into a video signal that travels through a cable to the monitor which displays an image on the screen.
sound card
enhances the sound generating capabilities of a personal computer by allowing the sound to be input through a mic and output through speakers and headphones.
hub
a device that attaches to a single port and created mulitiple ports.
graphics card
converts computer output into a video signal that travels through a cable to the monitor which displays an image on the screen.
memory card
a removable flash memory device that you insert and remove from a slot in a PC, game consul, mobile device, or card reader/writer.
port
the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit so that the peripheral can send data to or recieve info from the computer
USB port
universal servial bus port. can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector.
firewire port
allows you to connect 63 different devices together.
SCSI port
a special high speed port that allows you to attach SCSI peripherals such as disk drives and printers.
port replicator
an external device that provides connection to peripherals through ports built into the device.
docking station
an external device that attaches to a mobile device or computer that contains a power connection and provides connections to peripherals.
bus
a channel that allows the various devices both inside and attached to the syster unit to communicate with eachother.
system bus
part of the motherboard and connects the processor to the main memory.
front side bus
part of the motherboard and connects the processor to the main memory.
backside bus
connects the processor to the cache.
expansion bus
allows the processor to communicate with peripheral.
bay
an opening inside the system unit in which you can install aditional equipment.
drive bay
a rectangular opening that typicaly holds disk drives.
power supply
the component of the system unit that converts the wall outlet AC power to DC power.