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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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James K. Polk
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* nominated by pro-Texas southerners for 1844 against Clay
* wins, "dark-horse pres" * 4 point program : lower tariff (walker tariff of 1846), restore independent treasury (1846), acquisition of CA, and settlement of Oregon dispute * 1846 ordered 4,000 men (Gen Taylor) to Nueces River to Rio Grande, provocatively near MX forces * declared war when they attacked * sent Trist= Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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Zachary Taylor
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* Gen Taylor head of Nueces River to Rio Grande march
* Hero of Buena Vista 1847 * Whigs meeting in Phili "Taylor Fever", nominated him * 1848 Taylor defeats Cass and Van Buren |
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Manifest Destiny
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* campaign of 1844 upsurge of manifest destiny
* citizens of 1840s and 1850s, feeling a sense of mission, believed that God had "manifestly" destined the American ppl for a hemispheric career * Polk and expansionists intoxicated by MD, clamor for MX and Cuba |
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Gold Rush
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* discovery of gold in CA 1848
* horde of lawless men and virtue-less women * followed by high crime |
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Mexican War (1846-1848)
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* Mexican officials threatened war if America annexed TX
* ended by Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
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Confederate States of America
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* 1861, SC, Alabama, Mississippi, FL, Georgia, Louisiana, TX seceded from Union
* J Davis as Pres |
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Election of 1860
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* determined by issue of peace or civil war
* N democrats Douglas, S Breckenridge, Constitutional Union Party Bell, Repubs Lincoln * Lincoln wins, minority pres, 40% |
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"Bleeding Kansas"
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* 1856, Congressman Brooks approached Senator Sumner ( advocate of pop sov) and beat him with a cane
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Fort Sumter
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* first stand, border
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Battle Of Gettysburg
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* 1863, Union Meade defeated by Confederate Lee
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Appomattox Court House
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* 1865, Grant met with Lee and granted generous terms of surrender
* greatest constitutional decision of the century |
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Battle of Vicksburg
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* 1863, Union Grant beat Confederate Pemberton
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Henry Clay
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* leader of Whig party
* drove for Fiscal Bank, vetoed * made too many speeches and enemies * Constitutional Convention of 1787 * 1850 urged north and south to make grievances and north to enact more feasible fugitive-slave law * "Union Saver" |
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Black Codes
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* series of laws regulating affairs of emancipated slaves
* Miss (1865) 1st to pass * aimed to ensure stable and subservient labor force * blacks forces to work * "sharecropping" and "jumping" |
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Freedmen's Bureau
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* 1865 - 1872, provided food, clothes, medical care, education for freedmen
* led by O. Howard |
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Ku Klux Klan
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* 1866 southern whites took savage measures
* " Invisible Empire of the South" * worked through intimidation * Cong passed Force Acts of 1870 and 1871 to try and stop them, but intimidation already under way |
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Wilmot Proviso
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* the good Lord had decreed that a plantation economy and hence a slave economy could not possibly exist in the Mexican Cession Territory
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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* 1854, Douglas, Territory of Nebraska sliced into 2 territories, Kansas and Nebraska
* slavery status up to pop sov |
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Compromise of 1850
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* CA as free state, set Senate against south
* helped Union win |
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Radical Republicans
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* minority radical group believed south should atone more painfully sins
* wanted social structure uprooted * planters punished, newly emancipated blacks protected by federal power |
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Fugitive Slave Law
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* 1850
* no trial or jury, sent back to master, punishable for not sending back, 10$ for returning |
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Crittenden Compromise
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* proposed to Constitution, designed to appease south
* slavery in the territories prohibited north of 36°30` * Lincoln rejected it, and all hope of compromise evaporated |
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Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)
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* Cong passed, superceding the low Tariff of 1857
*inc existing duties 5 to 10 % |
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Dred Scott Decision
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* Supreme Court 1857
* black slave, not a citizen, could not sue * denied blacks citizenship, menaced the position of free blacks |
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Battle of Antietam
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* critical battle at Antietam Creek, Maryland 1862
* McClellan halted Lee * provided Lincoln opportunity to launch Emancipation Proclamation * after this Lincoln replaced McClellan with Burnside |
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13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
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* 13th- freed slaves
* 14th- civil rights, inc citizenship, to freedmen, * 15th- granted black men right to vote |
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Compromise of 1877
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* last federal guns were removed by state politics in 1877
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Homestead Act (1862)
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* made public lands available at a nominal sum of 25 cents an acre
* vetoed by Pres Buchanan |
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Daniel Webster
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* proposed Kansas-Nebraska Act
* urged all reasonable concessions to the south, inc FSL (and supported Wilmot Proviso) * regarded slavery as evil but disunion as worse |
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
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* by H. Stowe
* first look into slavery * cause and effect of abolitionism |
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Abraham Lincoln
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* chosen by Republicans, against Democrat Douglas, minority of 1860
* he made decision of Fort Sumter * called for militia men and volunteers, and waged war * declared publicly that he wasn't fighting to free blacks, but to save the Union * trial and error method for effective generals til he found Grant * announced Emancipation Proclamation in order to strengthen moral cause of the Union at home (succeeded) |
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Harpers Ferry
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* John Brown seized federal arsenal 1859, killed 7 ppl, injured 10
* slaves failed to rise * Brown and band captured by Lee |
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Popular Sovereignty
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* doctrine that stated that the principles of the Constitution, should themselves determine the status of slavery in their separate state
* might serve to spread slavery * Douglas and Democrats for |
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Frederick Douglass
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* long supported women suffrage but believed that this was the Negro's hour (14th amendment)
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John Brown
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* secured several thousand dollars for firearms from Northern abolitionists
* w. VA hi. and 20 men killed several innocent people and injured 10 * slaves ignorant of Brown's strike and failed to rise * men captured by Lee * given trial and enjoyed martyrdom |
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Stephen Douglas
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* was against Buchanan's approved Lecompton Constitution that said ppl would vote if constitution was "with slavery" or "without slavery"
* if slavery votes against, slaves already in Kansas would be protected * free-soldiers boycotted, pro-slaveryites won |
