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26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Hydrophobic

Scared of water

Hydrophilic

Loves water

Lipid Bilayer

Two layers of phospholipids

Selectively Permeable

allow some molecules in and keeps other molecules out

Osmosis

-diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane


-the diffusion of water through a cell membrane

Diffusion

the random movement of particles through the lipid bilayer from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Equilibrium

Solutes move from high concentration to low concentration until both sides are equal concentration

Concentration Gradient

measurement of how concentration of solutes differs on either side of a membrane

Passive transport

-Cell uses no energy (does not have to spend ATP)


-Transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse


-The movement of substances through a cell membrane without the use of cellular energy

Equilibrium

Solutes move from high concentration to low concentration until both sides are equal concentration

Active Transport

-actively moves molecules to where they are needed


-Particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.


-when energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane

Carrier Protein

-help the process


-transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it

Endocytosis

-Taking bulky material into a cell


-process by which a cell takes in material by forming a vacuole around it



Exocytocis

-forces material out of cell in bulk


-process by which a cell expels wastes from a vacuole

Phagocytosis

"cell eating"

Pinocytocis

"cell drinking"

Hypotonic Solution

The solution has a lower concentration of solutes and has a higher concentration

Hypertonic Solution

The solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside the cell

Isotonic Solution

The concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the celll.

Causes a cell to swell

Hypotonic Solution

Doesn't change the shape of a cell

Isotonic Solution

Causes osmosis

Hypotonic Solution

Causes a cell to swell

Hypertonic Solution

Energy

Is used during active transport but not passive transport

Channel Protein

Particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Faciliated Diffusion

A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins