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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atom
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the smallest particle of an element that still has the same chemical properties of the element
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element
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a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means; building blocks of matter |
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compound
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a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio
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nucleus
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the center of an atom, which contains most of the atom's mass |
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proton
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subatomic particle with a positive charge
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neutron
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subatomic particle with no charge, they are neutral
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electron
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subatomic particle with a negative charge; moves in the space around the nucleus, very energetic, moves rapidly in all directions |
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atomic number
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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atomic mass
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the average mass of the atoms of an element
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ion
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an atom that is positively or negatively charged because it has gained or lost electrons |
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isotope
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atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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metals
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an element that conducts heat and electricity well; shiny; malleable; ductile
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nonmetals
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poor conductors of heat and electricity, they are not shiny or malleable; brittle
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periodic table
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a chart arranged according to atomic numbers; developed by Dmitri Mendeleev; elements in the same family or group (columns going down) have similarchemical characteristics |
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energy
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ability to cause changes in matter
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valence electrons
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electrons in the outermost energy level
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electron cloud
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is an area around an atomic nucleus where an electron is most likely to be
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mass number
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the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom
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metalloids
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have some properties of metals and some of nonmetals
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organic compound
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compounds that contain carbon; they are the building blocks of living things
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ionic bond
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an attraction that holds oppositely charged ions close together
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covalent bond
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a chemical bond that forms when atoms share electrons
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exothermic reaction
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a chemical reaction that releases energy
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endothermic reaction
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a chemical reaction that absorbs energy
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rate of reaction
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the measure of how fast a chemical reaction occurs |
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catalyst
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a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not used up itself or permanently changed
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