Unit 3 Vocab Activity

Front 1

The Inca used a rope with knotted cords called a ____

Back 1

quipu

Front 2

People of mixed African and European ancestry are known as ____

Back 2

mulattoes

Front 3

A ____ dominates a country's economy, culture, and government

Back 3

primate city

Front 4

the aztec and inca empires were coquered by spanish ____

Back 4

conquistadors

Front 5

____ is caused by a badly balanced diet or not enough food

Back 5

malnutrition

Front 6

the spanish monarch appointed ____ to govern its overseas colonies

Back 6

viceroys

Front 7

in the 1800s many latin americans were ruled by dictators called ____

Back 7

caudillos

Front 8

people of mixed native american and european ancestry are known as ____

Back 8

mestizos

Front 9

the portuguese built sugar plantations called ____

Back 9

fazendas

Front 10

pictures made from small bits of colored glass set in mortar are called ____

Back 10

mosaics

Front 11

aztec farmers grew crops of beans and maize on ____ floating artificial islands

Back 11

chinampas

Front 12

an artistic movement known as ____ focused on artistic expression for its own sake

Back 12

modernism

Front 13

the fertile plains in Argentina and Uruguay are called ____

Back 13

pampas

Front 14

Lands from 3000 to 6000 feet above sea level are in the zone called ____

Back 14

tierra templada

Front 15

____ results from the use of water to produce electricity

Back 15

hydroelectric power

Front 16

the fertile plains in colombia and venezuela are called ____

Back 16

llanos

Front 17

lands at sea level to 3000 feet above sea level at or near the equator fall in the zone called ____

Back 17

tierra caliente

Front 18

in the brazilian highlands, low mountain ranges drop sharply to the sea to form a/an ____

Back 18

escarpment

Front 19

the tops of the trees in a rain forest form a ____

Back 19

canopy

Front 20

lands at 6000 to 10000 feet above sea level are in the zone called ____

Back 20

tierra fria

Front 21

andes mountains

Back 21

large system of mountain ranges that runs through the ewestern portion of central and south america

Front 22

cerrado

Back 22

savannas found in brazil with flat terrain and moderate rainfall suitable for farming

Front 23

terrace farming

Back 23

ancient technique for growing crops on hillsides or mountain slopes by cutting step-like fields into the slopes

Front 24

slash-and-burn

Back 24

method of clearing a field that involves cutting trees, brush and grasses, and burning the debris

Front 25

infrastructure

Back 25

facilities needed in cities, such as sewers, transportation, electricity and housing

Front 26

maquiladoras

Back 26

factories in mexico that assemble imported materials into finished products for export, mostly to the U.S.

Front 27

cultural hearth

Back 27

heartland or place of origin of a major culture

Front 28

calypso

Back 28

music originated in trinidad that includes elements from africa, spain, and the caribbean; songs frequently include steel drums and guitars and improvised lyrics

Front 29

land reform

Back 29

breading up large landholdings and giving portions of the land to the land-poor peasant farmers

Front 30

junta

Back 30

government run by the generals after a military takeover

Front 31

deforestation

Back 31

cutting down and clearing away of trees

Front 32

debt-for-nature swap

Back 32

paying governments to preserve their forests

Front 33

global warming

Back 33

the rising of the atmosphere’s temperature and the associated changing of weather patterns caused by carbon dioxide buildup

Front 34

samba

Back 34

Brazilian Dance

Front 35

capoeira

Back 35

martial art and dance that developed in Brazil from African origins

Front 36

Quechua

Back 36

language of the Inca, which, although overshadowed by the Spanish, still is spoken today by native peoples

Front 37

Carnival

Back 37

colorful feast day with costumes and floats in Brazil, especially Rio de Janeiro (corresponds with Mardi Gras in US and Europe)

Front 38

Mercosur

Back 38

economic common market of S. America, which encourages a free-trade zone among member nations

Front 39

NAFTA

Back 39

North American Free Trade Agreement – Mexico, US and Canada - trade and economic agreement that encourages a zone of cooperation

Front 40

Tenochtitlan

Back 40

Aztec city near the site of Mexico City

Front 41

PRI

Back 41

political party that controlled Mexico for 71 years, from 1929 to 2000

Front 42

Llanos

Back 42

vast grassy, treeless plains of Colombia and Venezuela

Front 43

pampas

Back 43

plains of grasslands and rich soil found in northern Argentina and Uruguay

Front 44

rain forest

Back 44

dense forests made up of different species of trees; located in a tropical wet climate

Front 45

push/pull factors

Back 45

factors that pull or push people to leave or go to other locations due to a variety of primarily social reason

Front 46

Treaty of Tordesillas

Back 46

treaty between Portugal and Spain in 1494 that resulted in Portugal control over present-day Brazil

Front 47

reggae

Back 47

music style developed in Jamaica; many reggae songs deal with social problems and religion

Front 48

Inca

Back 48

advanced civilization from the Andes Mountains of Peru; in 1500, the Inca empire extended 2500 miles along the west coast of S. America

Front 49

oligarchy

Back 49

government by a few persons
or a small group

Front 50

biodiversity

Back 50

wide range of plant and
animal species; the rainforest is known
for its biodiversity