Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
NUCLEUS
|
-Information centre of the cell, controls all cellular activities
-DNA is located within the Nucleus -Double membraned organelle which connects with the ER membranes -Contains the Nucleoli which synthesise all forms of RNA -Seen under a light microscope |
|
|
RIBOSOMES
|
-small organelles which can be free within the cell or attached to the ER
-make and supply the cell with proteins -made of RNA and are not membrane bound organelles -Translate mRNA -Not seen under a light microscope -Free ribosomes synthesise proteins for internal cell functions |
|
|
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
(Rough ER) |
-Have ribosomes attached
-Synthesises proteins for the plasma membrane and those that need to be secreted from the cell -All proteins are transported through the RER so they can be modified by enzymes (fold them into their correct shapes or make additions) |
|
|
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
(Smooth ER) |
-ER without the ribosomes attached
-synthesises phospholipids and cholesterol for use in the cell membrane -Stores calcium ions |
|
|
GOLGI BODIES/APPARATUS/COMPLEX
|
-series of flattened sacs
-Site where lipids and proteins are packaged for export -Proteins are packaged into vesicles and sent out of the cell -proteins and lipids can be modified and have carbohydrate groups attached -Protein or lipid is released from the cell via EXOCYTOSIS |
|
|
LYSOSOMES
|
-Sac like organelles filled with digestive enzymes
-Only found in animal cells -Fuse with food vacuoles to digest -Digest worn-out organelles in the cell -Can digest harmful invading bacteria -If a cell becomes diseased, it's job is to self-destroy in order to stop disease spreading |
|
|
CYTOSKELETON
|
-Supplies strength, gives the cell shape, moves organelles and coordinates cell movements.
|
