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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three types of muscle cells?
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skeletal,smooth, and cardiac.
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Skeletal muscles can be found where?
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attached to bones
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What are the function of skeletal muscles?
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motion, locomotion, and thermogenesis.
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In skeletal muscles, muscle membrane are called _____________.
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sacrolemma
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Smmoth muscles are found where?
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In the wlls of hollow organs and structures
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What are the functions of smooth muscle?
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Movement of substances through the body
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Cardiac muscles are found in the ________.
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heart
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What is the function of cardiac muscle?
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To pump blood
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A ________ _______ is a number of muscle cells attached to the same motot nerve.
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motot unit
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___________ muscles are rod shaped, have many nuclei per cell, have striations, and muscle membrane called sacrolemma.
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Skeletal
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___________ muscles have sarcolemma, one nuclei per cell, tapered ends, and no striations.
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Smooth
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____________ muscles have intercalated discs, striations, one nuclei per cell, are branched, and quadranglar.
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Cardiac
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What does the all or none law of muscle contraction state?
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That a motor unit,a muscle cell, and one sacromere can contract 100% or 0%; nothing in between
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What is the technical name for muscle tone?
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tonus
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You do not have muscle tone when you are in __________.
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REM sleep
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____________ keeps certain muscles ready for action.
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Muscle tone
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What is the 4th step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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Because the sarcollemma depolarizes, the sacroplasmic reticulum releases stored calcium.
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What is the 5th step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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The release of calcium cause tropin and tropomyosin to uncover actin.
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What is the 6th step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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As soon as troponin tropomyosin proteins uncover the actin microfilaments, the myosin heads attached to myosin are attracted to the naked actin microfilaments.
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What is the 7th step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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As soon as myosin heads contact the actin, they bond to actin and rotate.
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What is the 8th step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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Rotating myosin heads causes the actin and myosin icrofilaments to slide pass each other; this is contraction.
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What is the 1st step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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Signal is sent from central nervous system to muscle cells of a motor unit through motor nerves.
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What is the 2nd step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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Signal reaches muscle cell membrance called sarcolemma.
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What is the 3rd step in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?
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Sarcolemma depolarizes.
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What is the 1st step of muscle relaxation?
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Motor nerve stops signal to motor unit
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What is the 2nd step of mucle relaxation?
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Sarcolemma re-polarizes
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What is the 3rd step of muscle relaxation?
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum takes back calsium that has been previously released.
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What is the 4th step of muscle relaxation?
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ATP is broken down into
ATP--->ADP+P+ENERGY |
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What is the 5th step of muscle relaxation?
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Energy used to disattach myosin heads from actin and used to rerotate the myosin heads to get ready for the next contraction.
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What is the 6th step of muscle relaxation?
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Troponin and tropomyosin proteins recover the actin.
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__________ ________ is the period of time after a muscle has been stimulated but before it has begunto contract.
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latent period
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____________ __________ is the period of time during the contraction of muscle in which additional stimulation will not result in additional contraction.
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Refractory period
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__________ builds muscle.
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Anaerobic
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__________ helps cardiovascular system.
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Aerobic
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The _____ contains actin only and gets smaller during contraction.
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I band
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The _____ contains myosin only and gets smaller during contraction.
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H zone
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The ______ contains actin and myosin and stays the same during contraction.
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A band
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Epiphyseal plates are made up of _____________.
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cartilage
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