Unit 3 - High Yield Clotting

Front 1

Anticoagulants

Back 1

tPA, heparin, PGI2, ATIII (antithrombin) protein C/S

Front 2

Heparin

Back 2

Enhances antithrombin activity (neutralizes all factors except V, VIII, fibrinogen)

Front 3

Prostein C/S

Back 3

Neutralize V and VIII

Front 4

Von Willebrand Factor

Back 4

Complexes with factor VIII to enhance VIII: C activity; platelet adhesion

Front 5

Platelets

Back 5

Receptor for von willebrand factor and fibrinogen; syntheize TXA2

Front 6

GPIb

Back 6

Platelet receptor for vWF

Front 7

GpIIb/IIIa

Back 7

Platelet receptor for ribrinogen

Front 8

Extrinsic system factor

Back 8

VII

Front 9

Intrinsic System Factors

Back 9

XII, XI, IX, VIII

Front 10

Final common pathway factors

Back 10

X, I, prothrombin (II), fibrinogen (I)

Front 11

Factor XIII

Back 11

Cross links insoluble fibrin; strengthens fibrin clots

Front 12

Vitamin K dependent factors

Back 12

Prothrombin (II), VII, IX, X, Protein C/S

Front 13

Factors consumed in a clot

Back 13

Fibrinogen, prothrombin, V, VIII, fluid is called serum

Front 14

Plasmin

Back 14

Cleaves fibrinogen and insoluble fibrin into degradation products

Front 15

Bleeding time

Back 15

Evaluates platelet function (adhesion, release reaction, aggregation)

Front 16

Asprin

Back 16

MCC of a prolonged bleeding time

Front 17

PT

Back 17

Evaluates extrinsic pathway to fibrin clot

Front 18

PTT

Back 18

Evaluates intrinsic pathway to stable fibrin clot

Front 19

Fibrinolysis tests

Back 19

Degradation prodcuts, D-dimers (cross linked insoluble fibrin)

Front 20

S/S platelet dysfunction

Back 20

Cannot form temporary plug; epistaxis; petechiae; bleeding from scratches

Front 21

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Back 21

Children; antibodies against GpIIb: IIIa; no splenomegaly

Front 22

Chronic Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Back 22

SLE; antibodies against GpIIb: IIIa receptors

Front 23

Heparin

Back 23

Thrombocytopenia due to IgG antibody against heparin attached to PF4 on platelets

Front 24

PF4

Back 24

Heparin neutralizing factor

Front 25

HIV

Back 25

Thrombocytopenia MC hematologic abnormality; similar to ITP

Front 26

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Back 26

Platelet thrombi develop in areas of endothelial damage in small vessels; consumption of platelets

Front 27

S/S TTP

Back 27

Fever, thrombocytopenia, renal failure, hemolytic anemia with schistocytes, CNS deficits

Front 28

Findings TTP

Back 28

Thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time, normal PT an dPTT

Front 29

HUS

Back 29

Similar to TTP; endothelial injury from Shiga like toxin of ETEC in undercooked beef

Front 30

S/S Factor Deficiency

Back 30

No stable fibrin clot; late rebleeding; menorrhagia; GI bleeding

Front 31

Hemophilia A

Back 31

XR; hemarthroses; prolonged PTT; Decreased factor VIII activity

Front 32

Von wIllebrand's disease

Back 32

platelet adhesion defect + factor VIII deficiency

Front 33

Lab findings in vWD

Back 33

Decreased vWF, VIII antige and VIII: C prolonged bleeding time

Front 34

Vitamin K Deficiency

Back 34

Decreased epoxide reductase activity (decreased function vitamin K); hemorrhagic diathesis; increased PT

Front 35

Causes vitamin K deficiency

Back 35

Antibiotics MC, newborn, malabsorption, warfarin

Front 36

DIC

Back 36

Activation coagulation system from release of tissue thromboplastin and/or endothelial cell damage

Consumption coagulation factors by fibrin clots; pt also anticoagulated

Front 37

Causes DIC

Back 37

Septic shock MCC; rattlesnake bite, massive trauma, amniotic fluid

Front 38

Lab findings DIC

Back 38

Thrombocytopenia; increased PT and PTT, D-dimers (beta test), anemia

Front 39

Warfarin

Back 39

Inhibits epoxide reductase, PT best test but PTT also prolonged

Full anticoagulation in three days when prothrombin dissappears

Front 40

Rx Warfarin Overcoagulation

Back 40

Intramuscular vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma (immediate)

Front 41

Hemophilia A

Back 41

XR; hemarthroses; prolonged PTT; Decreased factor VIII activity

Front 42

Von wIllebrand's disease

Back 42

platelet adhesion defect + factor VIII deficiency

Front 43

Lab findings in vWD

Back 43

Decreased vWF, VIII antige and VIII: C prolonged bleeding time

Front 44

Vitamin K Deficiency

Back 44

Decreased epoxide reductase activity (decreased function vitamin K); hemorrhagic diathesis; increased PT

Front 45

Causes vitamin K deficiency

Back 45

Antibiotics MC, newborn, malabsorption, warfarin

Front 46

DIC

Back 46

Activation coagulation system from release of tissue thromboplastin and/or endothelial cell damage

Consumption coagulation factors by fibrin clots; pt also anticoagulated

Front 47

Causes DIC

Back 47

Septic shock MCC; rattlesnake bite, massive trauma, amniotic fluid

Front 48

Lab findings DIC

Back 48

Thrombocytopenia; increased PT and PTT, D-dimers (beta test), anemia

Front 49

Warfarin

Back 49

Inhibits epoxide reductase, PT best test but PTT also prolonged

Full anticoagulation in three days when prothrombin dissappears

Front 50

Rx Warfarin Overcoagulation

Back 50

Intramuscular vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma (immediate)

Front 51

Heparin

Back 51

Enhances antithrombin; PTT best test but PT also prolonged

Front 52

Factor V Leiden

Back 52

MC hereditary thrombosis; resistant to degradation by protein C/S

Front 53

ATIII Deficiency

Back 53

No prolongation of PTT with administration of heparin

Front 54

M Cells

Back 54

Specialized cells that transfer foreign antigens to lymphocyte sin Peyer's patches

Front 55

Blood group O

Back 55

Anti-AB-IG antibodies; increased incidence of duodenal ulcers

Front 56

Newborns blood typing

Back 56

do not have natural blood group antibodie at birth

Front 57

Elderly blood typing

Back 57

May lose natural blood group antibodies; no hemolytic reaction to mismatched blood

Front 58

Duffy Antigen

Back 58

Receptor for plasmodium vivax; blacks often lack Duffy antigen

Front 59

Antibody Screening

Back 59

Indirect Coomb's test; detects atypical antibodies in serum

Front 60

Hepatitis C is most common caused by what

Back 60

MCC of post transfusion hepatitis

Front 61

Universal Donor

Back 61

Blood group O; no antigens on surface of RBCs

Front 62

Universal recipient

Back 62

Blood group AB; no natural blood group antibodies in serum

Front 63

Fresh frozen plasma

Back 63

Replacement for multiple factor deficiencies (cirrhosis, DIC)

Front 64

Rh Hemolytic Disease of Newborn

Back 64

mother Rh (D antigen) negative and fetus Rh (D antigen) positive

no hemolysis in first Rh incompatible pregnancy

materal anti-D crosses placenta in second pregnancy; potential for hydrops fetalis; high risk for kernicterus

Front 65

Rh immune globulin

Back 65

anti-D; coasts D antigen site on fetal RBCs in maternal circulation

Front 66

Rh HDN lab

Back 66

positive direct Coomb's test; severe anemia and hyperbilirubienmia

Front 67

Phototherapy (blue fluoresent light)

Back 67

Converts unconjugated bilirubin in skin into harmless water soluble dipyrrole