Unit 3- Heart

Front 1

Base of the heart is at the level of the

Back 1

left 5th intercostal space

Front 2

the base of the heart is where you can hear

Back 2

auscultation of mitral valve

Front 3

surfaces of the heart

Back 3

anterior

diaphragmatic

left pulmonary

right pulmonary

Front 4

3 wall layers of the heart

Back 4

epicardium: visceral

myocardium: heart muscle

endocardium: innermost slick layer

Front 5

Groove markingseparation between atria and ventricles

Back 5

coronary sulcus

Front 6

groove separating right and left ventricles

Back 6

Anterior and Posterior Interventricular Sulci

Front 7

what is inside that anterior and posterior inter ventricular sulci

Back 7

Coronary vessels and fat

Front 8

muscles in the right atrium

Back 8

few pectinate muscles (ridges of myocardium)

Front 9

what is the sinus venarum

Back 9

the site of crista terminals (muscular ridge running vertically between SVC and IVC

Front 10

right auricle of the right atrium contains

Back 10

pectinate muscles

Front 11

the pectinate muscles help increase

Back 11

force of contraction

Front 12

pectinate muscles on the right auricle originate from

Back 12

crista terminalis

Front 13

fossa ovalis is the site of

Back 13

foramen ovale (attachment btwn right and left atrium in a fetus)

Front 14

opening of coronary sinus

Back 14

thebesian valve

Front 15

3 sources of O2 poor blood into the R atrium

Back 15

SVC

IVC

Coronary sinus

Front 16

the left atrium is smaller than the right atrium but what is different about the walls of it>

Back 16

thicker and smoother walls

Front 17

the left atrium and left auricle muscles

Back 17

no muscle in the L atrium

few pectinate muscles in the L auricle

Front 18

_________ blood comes into the left atrium through the ________

Back 18

O2-rich blood

pulmonary VV

Front 19

right ventricle is thicket than ______

Back 19

right atrium

Front 20

ridges within the ventricles

Back 20

trabeculae carnae

Front 21

papillary muscles origin, function, & connection

Back 21

–Muscles on anterior and posteriorventricular walls(2-3) originated from trabeculae carnae

–They are on apex connected to chordae tendon

–Contract to tighten chordae tendonae

Front 22

3 types of papillary MM

Back 22

anterior, posterior, septal

Front 23

what is the function of the chord tendonae

Back 23

prevent back flow of blood and prevents valve cusps from turning inside out

Front 24

–isolated band of trabeculae carnae

Back 24

Moderatorband/Septomarginal trabecula

Front 25

moderator band forms bridge between

Back 25

interventricular septum and base of anteriorpapillary m.

Front 26

what is the function of the moderator band

Back 26

-Prevents anterior wall of ventricle frompulling too far from interventricular septum–

-Prevents over stretching of ventricle

Front 27

Area before pulmonary trunk

Back 27

conus arteriosus (infundibulum)

Front 28

conus arteriosus is the outflow tract leading to

Back 28

pulmonary trunk

Front 29

thickest chamber.

Back 29

left ventricle

Front 30

entry way to aorta from left ventricle

Back 30

aortic vestibule

Front 31

muscles on the left ventricle

Back 31

2 setsof papillary muscleswith chordae tendonae

Front 32

valve that does no depend on chord tendinae

Back 32

•PulmonarySemilunar valve

Front 33

pulmonary semilunar valve is between the ____ and ______

Back 33

–betweenR. ventricle and pulmonary trunk

Front 34

the semilunar valve outflow _________ blood to ________

Back 34

–Outflowof oxygen poor blood to pulmonary trunk

Front 35

cusps of the pulmonary semilunar valve

Back 35

3 semilunar cusps

Front 36

valve between L ventricle and ascending aorta

Back 36

aortic semilunar valve

Front 37

cusps of the aortic valve

Back 37

3 semilunar cusps

Front 38

sinuses of the aortic valve

Back 38

right, left and posterior aortic sinuses

Front 39

Other set of valves

Back 39

atrioventricular valve

Front 40

Valve between Right atrium and Right venticle

Back 40

Tricuspid valve

Front 41

cusps of the tricuspid valve

Back 41

anterior, posterior, septal

Front 42

atrioventricular valves depend on

Back 42

chordae tendonae and papillary muscles

Front 43

valve between left atrium and left ventricle

Back 43

bicuspid (mitral) valve

Front 44

cusps of the bicuspid valve

Back 44

anterior and posterior

Front 45

right coronary A comes from

Back 45

aortic arch

Front 46

what does the right coronary A supply

Back 46

right atrium

right ventricle

SA and AV nodes

Front 47

the right coronary A arises from

Back 47

right aortic sinus

Front 48

right coronary A courses under

Back 48

right auricle into coronary sinus

Front 49

The right coronary artery emerges from the aorta into the AV groove and continues in the posterior interventricular sulcus. Within millimeters after emerging from the aorta, the right coronary artery gives off two branches:

Back 49

1) The Conus artery which runs to the right ventricle

2) The atrial branch

Front 50

the atrial branch gives off the

Back 50

sinoatrial nodal branch

Front 51

the right coronary A terminates as

Back 51

1. marginal A

2. posterior interventricular A

Front 52

Left coronary A branches from

Back 52

aortic arch

Front 53

left coronary A supplies

Back 53

Left atrium

Left ventricle

interventricular septum

Front 54

the left coronary A arises from

Back 54

left aortic sinus

Front 55

left coronary A courses between

Back 55

pulmonary trunk and Left auricle into the coronary sulcus

Front 56

branches of the left coronary A

Back 56

Anteriorinterventricular A

–diagonalbranches

Circumflexbranch

–L.marginal a.

Front 57

coronary sinus is on what surface of the heart

Back 57

posterior

Front 58

function of coronary sinus

Back 58

collecting pool of venous blood

Front 59

coronary sinus empties into

Back 59

right atrium

Front 60

valve of the coronary sinus

Back 60

thebesian valve at base of IVC

Front 61

4 main tributaries of the coronary sinus

Back 61

1. Great cardiac vein

2. Middle cardiac vein

3. Small cardiac vein

4. Posterior cardiac vein

Front 62

great cardiac V ascends the ______ sulcus

Back 62

anterior interventricular sulcus with artery

Front 63

middle cardiac V and posterior cardiac V ascends the _______ sulcus

Back 63

posterior interventricular sulcus with artery

Front 64

small cardiac V courses with

Back 64

marginal A

Front 65

posterior cardiac V lies left of

Back 65

middle cardiac V

Front 66

lymphatics of the heart drain into

Back 66

trachiobronchial and brachiocephalic nodes

Front 67

cardiac plexus has sympathetic and parasympathetic contributions. what do each do to the heart?

Back 67

sympathetic: increase heart rate and force of contraction, dilation of coronary A

parasympathetic: decreases heart rate and force of contraction, constriction of coronary A

Front 68

superficial part of the cardiac plexus is beneath or inferior to

Back 68

aortic arch

Front 69

deep part of the cardiac plexus lives between

Back 69

aortic arch and carina

Front 70

visceral afferents of the heart enter CNS via

Back 70

sympathetic trunk and Vagus N

Front 71

Vagal cardiac NN are sensory to heart for

Back 71

changes in blood pressure

Front 72

afferent associated with sympathetic trunks are sensory for

Back 72

pain from heart

Front 73

Great vessels of the heart

Back 73

1. Thoracic aorta:

ascending aorta

arch of aorta

descending aorta

2. superior vena cava

3. inferior vena cava

4. pulmonary trunk

Front 74

the ascending aorta has origin from

Back 74

Left ventricle

Front 75

ascending aorta is contained in what part of the pericardial sac

Back 75

middle mediastinum

Front 76

3 sinuses of the ascending aorta

Back 76

formation of R and L coronary AA

Front 77

arch of aorta is formed at level of

Back 77

2nd right costal cartilage

Front 78

arch of aorta is contained in what part of the pericardial cavity

Back 78

superior mediastinum

Front 79

superior vena cava enters the

Back 79

right atrium

Front 80

superior vena cava is the union of

Back 80

R and L brachiocephalis VV

Front 81

The superior vena cava is venous return from all structures above

Back 81

diaphragm

Front 82

superior vena cava descends to right of the

Back 82

ascending aorta

Front 83

what part of the pericardial sac contains SVC

Back 83

superior (superior half)

middle mediastinum (inferior half)

Front 84

is the IVC inside the pericardial sac

Back 84

barely, short segment

Front 85

pulmonary trunk is inside the pericardial sac beginning at _________

Back 85

conus arterioles of the right ventricle

Front 86

pulmonary trunk bifurcates into _______ at level of _______

Back 86

R and L pulmonary AA under aortic arch at level of sternal angle

Front 87

closed pathway from ductus arterioles (pathway in fetus)

Back 87

ligamentum arteriosum